Grass powder is a finely ground feed material, characterized by small particle size and a large surface area exposed to the environment. During storage and transportation, it is highly susceptible to oxidation and nutrient degradation. Additionally, it can easily absorb moisture from the air, leading to clumping. Microorganisms and pests may also penetrate and multiply, further compromising its quality. If not stored properly, grass powder can lose its nutritional value due to mold growth and spoilage. Therefore, maintaining the quality of grass powder requires proper storage techniques aimed at minimizing the loss of essential nutrients such as protein and vitamins.
One of the key indicators of the nutritional value of pasture grass powder under low-temperature storage is the levels of vitamins and proteins. The primary goal during storage is to create conditions that help preserve these biologically active compounds and reduce their breakdown. Numerous experiments and practical applications have shown that low-temperature and sealed storage conditions are effective in reducing the loss of vitamins and proteins. In colder regions of northern China, natural cold environments can be utilized for cryogenic storage, making it an economical and efficient method.
For dry storage, the moisture content of low-temperature grass powder should be maintained between 13% and 14%, with storage temperatures below 15°C. When the moisture content is around 15%, the temperature should be kept below 10°C to ensure safe storage and prevent microbial activity. These conditions help maintain the integrity and stability of the grass powder over time.
Another important measure is the addition of antioxidants and preservatives. Proteins and vitamins in stored grass powder are prone to degradation due to oxidation, which not only affects the taste and texture of the product but also reduces its overall quality. This can lead to animals refusing to eat the feed, thereby lowering its effectiveness and digestibility. To prevent this deterioration, antioxidants and preservatives are commonly added. Popular antioxidants include ethoxyquin, butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), and butylhydroxymethylbenzene (BHA). Preservatives such as calcium propionate, copper propionate, and propionic acid are also widely used to inhibit microbial growth and extend shelf life.
By implementing these storage strategies—low-temperature control, moisture management, and the use of additives—grass powder can retain its nutritional value and remain suitable for animal consumption over extended periods.
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