First, the production characteristics of broilers:
The growth rate of broilers is fast. Generally, the weight of chickens is about 35 grams in shells, and the feeding days are short and the cycle is short. After the slaughter, the chicken house should be quickly cleaned and disinfected, and work should be done at intervals to prepare for the next batch of chickens.
The breeding density is high and the house utilization rate is high. The biological characteristics of broiler chickens are different from those of laying hens. Broilers are docile, not moving, and rarely fight to jump, especially in the late period of fattening. As long as the litter is clean and there is proper ventilation, a certain stocking density can be maintained. In general, the ground can be raised up to 10~11/m2 (but there must be a sports field).
In addition, keeping broilers is simple, and each person can raise 1 to 20,000 per year.
Second, broiler feeding methods:
Broilers grow rapidly, are physically bulky, have easily broken bones, are easy to bend the sternum, and are prone to breast cysts. In the rearing process, special attention should be paid to these characteristics. Currently, the litter ground is generally free-range. Its main advantages are: less equipment investment, convenient operation, and can reduce the incidence of breast cysts. However, this method tends to cause coccidiosis and raises the cost of drugs and litter.
Litter backyard is laid on the cement floor of the hen house with a certain thick padding. The padding is required to be soft and absorbent, and can be used for shavings, sawdust, husks, rice straw, etc. The litter should be kept flat on the ground, and the ground should not be exposed. Keep the ground dry. Replace the moist litter near the water dispenser in time. In order to prevent litter on the surface of the litter, broilers should be cleaned in time after listing.
Conditional online adoption can be adopted, that is, broiler chickens are kept on special online webs. The advantages of this method are easy to manage, which can reduce coccidiosis, leg disorders and breast cysts. The utilization of chicken manure is also greatly improved.
Third, broiler rearing management:
1. Suitable environmental conditions. The quality of environmental conditions directly affects the survival rate and growth rate of broilers.
temperature. The right temperature is the key to keeping broilers. On the first day of age, the room temperature is required to be 33 degrees or more. With the increase of the age of the week, the temperature can be appropriately reduced, and it is generally reduced by 1 to 2 degrees per week. From 25th to 28th from the fifth week old. In the hot summer months, effective cooling measures should be taken to implement night and early morning feeding, and if necessary, cold water can be used to promote the intake of broilers.
ventilation. Due to a certain density of breeding, the amount of respiration increases with the increase in body weight. If the ventilation is poor, the content of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide in the house is too high, and chickens are prone to respiratory diseases. Especially in winter, it is necessary to keep warm and increase ventilation. Both must be taken into account to prevent respiratory diseases and dehydration.
illumination. The purpose of lighting the broiler is to extend the intake time, increase the feed intake, and increase the growth rate. Continuous light or intermittent light can be used. The open windowed chicken house is lighted for 24 hours from 1 to 3 days of age to help chicks become familiar with the location of feeding and drinking. 24 days old until the end of the feeding, using 23 hours light, 1 hour dark method. The intermittent light was only performed in a closed chicken house, that is, 1 to 3 days of age, 24 hours of light, 4 to 8 days of 23 hours of light, and 1 hour of darkness; after 9 days of age, 1 hour of light was used to change the darkness of 2 hours. Lighting system. Also pay attention to the light intensity of brooding, the first 5 days can use a stronger light bulb, generally 40 watts, later dropped to 25 watts, low light can reduce the occurrence of fleas, chickens quiet, conducive to growth.
humidity. The relative humidity in the house is 50 to 60%. Under normal circumstances, humidity is not a big problem and it is easily overlooked. Because the heat inside the chicken is mainly emitted by accelerating the breathing. At low temperatures and high humidity, most of the heat generated by the body radiation is absorbed by excessive humidity. At this time, the temperature of the house should be raised by warming, and the ventilation and ventilation should be appropriately increased. When the temperature of the house is too low, it is unfavorable for the feather growth of the chicken. When there is a large increase in dust in the air, chickens are prone to respiratory diseases. At this time, spray water on the walls of the house to increase the relative humidity of the house.
density. The appropriate density, the environmental control of the house and the growth and development of broiler chickens are extremely important. It should be adjusted according to the feeding method, season, climate, weight, etc. Summer should be lower than winter; the greater the weight, the lower the density. If the breeding density is too high, it will cause stress, occurrence of paralysis, poor tidy chickens, and high disease incidence.
2. Start eating at the right time to ensure water supply. The chicks must be allowed to drink water within 36 hours of hatching, but the sooner the better. Feed 1 hour after drinking. Drink cool water in summer and warm water in winter. The first 5 days can be used to feed the chicks with dark food in a plastic dish. Use a small bucket after one week, but make sure each chicken has an eating position.
3, promote the supply of pellet feed. Feeding pelleted feeds, chicks grow faster, consume less material, and increase feed conversion. However, it should be noted that low-day-old chicks may be supplied with wet materials and may change pellets as the age increases.
4, strengthen the epidemic prevention. Because of the short feeding cycle of broiler chickens, it is very difficult to recover them before they are sold regardless of the diseases that occur in the flock. This will inevitably lead to economic losses. Therefore, we must do a good job of disinfection and immunization, and stick to prevention. Pay attention to environmental hygiene and timely remove dirt. If chicken gizzards and areas with severe infectious fleas have to be inoculated twice.
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