Ramie has a well-developed root system, characterized by thick, straight roots that can extend as deep as 2 to 4 meters, along with 3 to 7 large lateral roots that spread horizontally up to 1.5 to 2 meters. This strong root structure allows the plant to adapt well to various soil conditions, provided the drainage is good. Ramie is not picky about previous crops and requires minimal technical input, making it an ideal choice for small or marginal lands. With proper dry cultivation techniques, ramie can significantly boost yields and economic returns.
We have developed and promoted several ramie hybrids, including varieties No. 1 through No. 6. Among these, varieties No. 1, 2, and 5 have been officially approved by the Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee. Field trials have shown that these varieties offer excellent resistance to drought, flooding, and saline-alkaline soils, with high adaptability. They can be grown on almost all arable land except where alfalfa is cultivated. On average, medium-sized plots yield between 250 to 300 kilograms per mu, while high-yield areas can reach over 350 kilograms.
Sowing should take place between March 20th and early May. There are two main sowing methods: direct seeding and intercropping. Seeds should be planted when the soil temperature reaches around 5°C, or 10 to 25 days before the harvest of crops like wheat, garlic, and onions. The recommended spacing is 90–150 cm between rows and 60–100 cm within rows, with a planting density of 600–1200 plants per mu. For direct seeding, the seedlings should be thinned, while intercropping requires denser planting. In dry or poor soil, more seeds should be used, with three seeds per hole and a covering depth of 4–5 cm. To ensure good germination, sufficient water should be applied during sowing, using hole digging and watering techniques.
Plastic film coverage is an effective way to increase yield and reduce labor costs such as weeding and irrigation. Covering one acre with plastic film costs only 20–30 yuan but can boost production by over 30%.
Seedling management is crucial. After the third true leaf appears, seedlings should be transplanted promptly if there are gaps. At this stage, each hole should have one healthy plant. Delaying transplanting may result in weak seedlings and lower yields.
Fertilization plays a key role in boosting productivity. A base fertilizer typically includes 15 kg of urea, 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, 7 kg of potassium sulfate, and 1000–2000 kg of organic manure. Additional fertilizer, around 10–15 kg of NPK, should be applied during the budding stage of the first main spike.
Pruning is essential for maximizing yield. Before the first flower buds appear, keep 2–3 primary branches and remove the rest. Subsequent pruning depends on plant growth, adjusting the number of branches left on the second, third, fourth, and fifth levels. Late sowing can be optimized by using large-spike varieties, increasing planting density, and careful pruning. Increasing the density to 1000–1500 plants per mu, with only 4–5 branches retained per plant, helps improve yield and quality.
Harvesting should occur when 80% of the pods on the ear turn brown. Early harvesting can negatively affect both yield and quality. After harvesting, the crop should be dried, threshed, and bagged promptly, ensuring moisture content drops below 9% before sale.
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