1. The principle of EM microbial fermented roughage: It is to use EM beneficial biological flora, give full play to the role of various bacterial groups, and fully ferment under the suitable conditions of temperature, humidity, nutrition, etc., so that the EM flora grows and reproduces in roughage. And conduct a series of biochemical reactions to change the physical and chemical properties of roughage, increase palatability, digestion and absorption rate, and nutritional value. After roughage is fermented, the complex organic macromolecules such as cellulose, starch, and protein are to a certain degree. It is degraded into small molecules such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and amino acids that are easily digested and absorbed by pigs and other animals. At the same time, a large amount of nutrient-rich EM microbial cells and their metabolites, such as amino acids, are also produced and accumulated during the fermentation process of roughage. Organic acids, as well as alcohols, aldehydes, esters, vitamins, antibiotics, hormones, trace elements, etc. The roughage became soft, fragrant and increased in nutrients. On the other hand, EM microbial flora was fed into the digestive tract of pigs. The lactic acid bacteria and yeasts improved the intestinal microflora and inhibited the growth of spoilage bacteria in the intestine. The anti-intestinal infectious diseases and digestion and absorption capacity have improved the nutrition of pigs and other livestock and poultry, and due to the combined effect of EM microbial flora, it has also improved the metabolic pathways of organic matter, purifying the aquaculture environmental conditions, reducing pest-mediated infectious diseases and insects. The harassment of the pig's growth makes it stable, reduces the ratio of meat to meat, improves quality, and greatly improves economic efficiency.
2, EM microbial fermented roughage method:
(1) Pretreatment of roughage: The roughage should be mechanically crushed prior to fermentation. The size of the crushed should be conducive to increase the contact area between the EM effective microbial flora and the roughage cellulose, and it is also conducive to the growth and maintenance of EM microorganisms, and to maintain the temperature. humidity. General requirements roughage should be crushed, but too fine is not good, the general thickness of about 1 mm is moderate.
(2) The proportion of roughage: Because the chemical composition of various roughages is not the same, but the nutrition needed for the growth of pigs and other livestock and poultry should be comprehensive, so the different types of roughage, according to a certain proportion to make nutrients complementary, but also conducive to The growth and reproduction of EM microbial flora and the breakdown of cellulose, the synthesis of bacterial proteins and the production of useful intermediate metabolites. For example, corn stalk contains more sugar and more protein of soybean stalk, and the mixed fermentation effect is better than that of a single fermentation. In order to supplement the nutrition of EM beneficial microbial flora and increase the nutritional value of fermented feed, a small amount of bran, starch, cornmeal, etc. may be added to the raw material of the raw meal as appropriate, and it may be mixed and fermented simultaneously with the concentrated feed (the ratio of roughage is less than 50%). .
(3) EM fermentation method: the mixed roughage to be fermented (or after mixing with the fine feed), we call it the fermentation base, and it needs to add EM bacteria, nutrients, and water during fermentation. The specific ratio is: base material: EM: nutrient: water, 1000:1:1:350. Dissolve the nutrient first, then add water and add EM diluent and the base material to fully mix evenly, and then close the fermentation. The cylinder, plastic bag or cement tank can be used. Pay attention to the moisture, the appropriate degree of water is to grab a handful of mixed feed, a firm grip, the fingers see the water droplets without dripping is appropriate, too low or too high water content will make the fermentation failure. Fermentation temperature can be 25 °C to 35 °C can be, summer and autumn 3 to 5 days can be good fermentation; spring, winter takes 7 to 10 days. The fermented feed has an acid, sweet mellow flavor.
(4) Feeding of the fermentation material: If the crude feed is separately fermented, 30 to 50% of the feed can be added after the fermentation is completed. If it is fermented with the concentrate, it can be fed directly. When feeding, no more cooking, fermented feed directly into the pig food tank can be fed, drinking water can be added EM solution to make 1000 times the dilution of drinking water can be. At the same time, EM dilutions can be regularly sprayed on the pig house and ditch.
(5) Note: The use of EM technology must not be used simultaneously with antibiotics, fermentation must be sealed during the fermentation, the good fermentation with the use of take, immediately sealed after taking, to maintain a closed state fermented feed can be stored for three months without deterioration.
3. The application of EM bio-agents in the swine industry must be combined with the local crude feed resources to study, use and control flexibly. Since EM is an active microbial agent, its various functions can only be reflected under suitable environmental conditions. Therefore, it must be used carefully, carefully, and correctly, and experience should be accumulated while applying it, so as to find out the application technology that adapts to different situations in different regions and Methods, to contribute to the development of China's pig industry.
Compiled by: Beijing Institute of Environmental Protection Song Kunheng Professor Li FengBi Zhao Fengqing, Agricultural Workstation, Chengjiao Township, Hongshan District, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia
Kangyuan Oasis Biotechnology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. 01062932912 QQ 1030018894
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