The optimal time for top-dressing various crops varies depending on their growth stages and nutrient needs. For rice, the absorption of nitrogen fertilizer increases after the plant turns green and reaches its peak during the tillering stage. To ensure strong early growth, it's recommended to apply fertilizer early. Usually, 10 kg of urea per mu should be applied 7-10 days after transplanting. A second application of 15-20 kg of urea is advised during the heading stage.
For corn, the critical period for nutrient uptake occurs between the jointing and tasseling stages. The first top-dressing should be applied just before or after jointing, using 10 kg of urea per mu. A second application of 20 kg of urea per mu is recommended about 7-10 days before tasseling. If the base and seed fertilizers are sufficient, a single top-dressing combined with deep soil application can also be effective.
In sorghum cultivation, the best time for top-dressing is during the jointing and booting stages. Apply 8-12 kg of urea per mu during the jointing phase, followed by another 10 kg of urea during the booting stage to support robust growth.
For peanuts, the early reproductive stage is crucial. About 15 days after emergence, flower buds begin to form, and nodule development starts. At this point, applying 5-10 tons of urea per mu is beneficial. After flowering, combining soil work with foliar sprays can help reduce empty pods and improve yield and quality.
Soybeans require careful nutrient management. Although they can fix atmospheric nitrogen through rhizobia, additional top-dressing is still necessary. Applying 8-12 kg of urea per mu at the initial flowering stage helps reduce flower drop and prolong plant life, leading to higher yields. An extra foliar application of multi-element fertilizer during pod maturation can further enhance productivity.
For sugar beets, the early growth stage is critical. Applying 10 kg of urea per mu shortly after transplanting supports vigorous growth and development.
Potatoes benefit from top-dressing before flowering. Early varieties should be fertilized during the seedling stage, while mid- to late-maturing varieties are best fertilized before budding. A mix of 10 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu not only boosts yield but also improves tuber quality.
In general, balanced fertilization is essential for all crops. While top-dressing plays a key role in meeting nutrient demands during critical growth phases, it should not replace basal fertilizer. A well-planned fertilization strategy that includes both base and top-dressings ensures healthy growth and maximum yield. Understanding each crop’s specific needs and timing is crucial for successful farming.
Breathing System
For the treatment of diseases of the respiratory system:
Diseases and conditions of the respiratory system fall into two categories: Viruses such as influenza, bacterial pneumonia and the new enterovirus respiratory virus that has been diagnosed in children; and chronic diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). According to Dr. Neal Chaisson, who practices pulmonary medicine at the Cleveland Clinic, there is not much that can be done for viral infections but to let them run their course. "Antibiotics are not effective in treating viruses and the best thing to do is just rest," he said.
COPD is the intersection of three related conditions - chronic bronchitis, chronic asthma and emphysema, Chaisson told Live Science. It is a progressive disease that makes it increasingly difficult for sufferers to breath.
Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the lung airways that causes coughing, wheezing, chest tightness or shortness of breath, according to Tonya Winders, president of the Allergy & Asthma Network. These signs and symptoms may be worse when a person is exposed to their triggers, which can include air pollution, tobacco smoke, factory fumes, cleaning solvents, infections, pollens, foods, cold air, exercise, chemicals and medications.
Lung cancer is often associated with smoking, but the disease can affect non-smokers as well. Every year, about 16,000 to 24,000 Americans die of lung cancer, even though they have never smoked, according to the American Cancer Society. Like all cancers, lung cancer is caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells.
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