1. Shorten the Calving Interval
The calving interval in dairy cows is primarily influenced by the postpartum period, as the gestation length remains relatively constant at around 280 days. To reduce the time between calvings, it's essential to focus on early postpartum estrus and fertility. Shortening this interval can improve reproductive efficiency and increase milk yield. Key strategies include using drugs to stimulate reproductive recovery, promoting early estrus after birth, timely breeding, early pregnancy diagnosis, and inducing estrus in non-pregnant cows. These steps are crucial for optimizing the reproductive cycle.
2. Improve Perinatal Management
Postpartum cows often experience delayed appetite recovery compared to peak milk production. Therefore, it's recommended to use a "guiding method" for perinatal cows, focusing on body condition management, stable feed supply, and avoiding sudden changes in diet that could cause digestive issues. From the last two weeks of the dry period until peak lactation, gradually increase the proportion of high-quality roughage with fine concentrates to support the cow’s energy needs without overwhelming its system.
3. Encourage Moderate Exercise
Proper exercise for intensively raised dairy cows helps improve body composition, boost metabolism, and enhance reproductive function. It is advised to drive cows twice daily for 20 minutes each session in an open area. This not only prevents obstetric diseases but also improves overall reproductive performance by keeping the animals active and healthy.
4. Treat Obstetric Diseases
(1) Uterine Injections: For cows with endometritis and a normal estrus cycle, intrauterine drug administration can be effective. During estrus, 1–2 capsules of Miyadukang can be injected into the uterus for catarrhal endometritis, leading to recovery within two days. For cows with pus-like discharge, first flush the uterus with Lutze solution, then inject Miyakang every two days. In severe cases, a mixture of saline, penicillin, and streptomycin may be used for better results.
(2) Intramuscular Injections: After uterine treatment, oxytocin or cloprostenol can be administered intramuscularly to enhance uterine contractions, aid in cleaning the uterus, and speed up recovery.
5. Enhance Postpartum Care
After calving, the cow’s natural hormonal processes help restore uterine function. However, imbalances in estrogen and progesterone can weaken uterine contractions, leading to prolonged recovery. A week after calving, injecting 500 ml of physiological saline mixed with "exposed net" into the uterus and massaging it can help expel debris. Oxytocin injections can further assist in lochia discharge and prevent metritis. After three to five days, flushing the uterus with normal saline ensures cleanliness. By day 18–21, administering cloprostenol can promote estrus and improve fertility.
6. Use Drugs to Aid Fertilization
If ovulation does not occur within 12 hours after insemination, fertilization may fail. Hormonal treatments can help ensure the egg is fertilized effectively. Options include gonadotropin-releasing hormone to trigger ovulation, human chorionic gonadotropin to accelerate follicle maturation, and antibiotics like penicillin and streptomycin to prevent infections. Additionally, sodium selenite vitamin E injections can reduce embryonic loss during critical developmental stages, improving conception rates.
7. Induce Estrus with Hormones
Inducing estrus within 60 days post-calving helps maintain a consistent calving interval and increases annual fertility. Using gonadotropin-releasing hormone within 30–40 days after calving, followed by chloroprostaglandin injections, can effectively address postpartum reproductive issues such as ovarian inactivity.
8. Ensure Safe and Hygienic Insemination
Using disposable, cannula-type insemination guns with individual plastic casings can prevent the spread of infectious diseases like metritis and bovine trichomoniasis. This practice ensures safer breeding and protects the health of the herd.
Pristine Budweiser with a Pristine Lake View,Brilliant Budweiser for a Brilliant Mind,Classic Budweiser with Classic Company,Budweiser 580ml
Yanbian Baichuan Import and Export Trade Co., LTD , https://www.baichuanbeer.com