To ensure the freshness and quality of Toona sinensis (also known as Chinese toon) stems and leaves, proper storage conditions are essential. These parts are highly perishable due to their high water content and active physiological metabolism. After harvest, they are prone to wilting, leaf drop, and spoilage. To minimize these issues, it is recommended to store them at 0°C with a relative humidity of 80–85%. Using small plastic films or breathable packaging can help maintain optimal moisture levels while preventing excessive condensation.
The variety of Toona sinensis plays a significant role in storage performance. There are two main types: purple buds and green buds. Purple buds are typically more suitable for long-term storage due to their better quality and resistance to deterioration. Green buds, although more cold-tolerant, have lower storage value and tend to lose quality faster. Harvesting should take place between mid-April and late April, ideally twice with an interval of 10–15 days. The main buds should be harvested first, followed by the lateral ones. It's best to pick them early in the morning to reduce water loss and prevent wilting after harvest. When storing, focus on the main buds, and handle the shoots carefully to avoid damaging the buds and leaves.
For indoor storage, choose a cool, moist, and well-ventilated space. Begin by watering the floor, then lay down a layer of matting before placing the buds on top. A thickness of about 10 cm is ideal. Cover the buds with wet grass or a plastic sheet to retain moisture. This method can keep the buds fresh for 5–7 days, but regular ventilation and moisture checks are necessary. Avoid piling the buds too high or sprinkling water directly on them, as this can cause overheating, leaf drop, and rot.
Another effective method is stem dipping. Arrange the base of the buds neatly, bundle them into small groups, and place them in shallow containers filled with 3–4 cm of water for a day and night. Then transfer them to baskets or cartons and store them in a cool, ventilated area. This method is ideal for short-term storage.
Cold storage is the most efficient option for long-term preservation. Select thick, disease-free buds and remove any old stems from the base. Bundle them into small packages weighing 0.25–0.5 kg and pre-cool them before packaging. Use 0.02–0.03 mm thick polyethylene bags, place the bundles inside, and add an ethylene absorbent (such as a gauze bag soaked in a potassium permanganate solution). Seal the bags properly and store them in a refrigerator at 0–1°C with 80–85% humidity. Alternatively, use perforated plastic bags with eight 5 mm holes to allow controlled gas exchange. This environment helps maintain moisture and reduces ethylene buildup, which can lead to dehydration, wilting, and decay. With proper care, the buds can remain fresh for up to one month.
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