Combine harvester operating points and precautions

When operating a combine harvester, it's essential to carefully consider several key factors to ensure efficiency, safety, and optimal performance. First, selecting the right operating speed is crucial. In flat fields with mature, dry grain and minimal weeds, you can increase the forward speed. However, when the grain is in the late milk stage or early yellowing phase, moisture levels are higher, so slower speeds are recommended. During the yellow ripening stage, when the grain is drier and more uniform, you can increase the speed slightly. After rain or during morning dew, stalks are wet, so reducing speed helps prevent damage. On sunny days, especially midday, the grain is drier, allowing for faster operation. For dense, tall crops, a slower speed is better, while shorter, less dense crops can be harvested at a faster pace. At the start of operation, the machine is still being tested, so slower speeds help monitor performance. Once everything is running smoothly and the grain is ready, you can increase the speed to maximize efficiency. Next, the cutting width should be adjusted appropriately. If the machine is in good condition, try to operate at full load, keeping the cutting width around 90% of the header’s total width. Be sure not to overload the system, and make sure there are no missed cuts during operation. The height of the stubble should be kept as low as possible without going below 6 cm to avoid damaging the blades by cutting into the soil. Ideally, the stubble height should not exceed 15 cm to maintain proper cutting performance. Choosing the right walking method is also important. There are three common methods: clockwise centripetal rotation, counterclockwise centripetal rotation, and the shuttle method. The operator should choose based on field conditions, aiming for efficient unloading and minimizing unnecessary movement. During operation, the harvester should move in a straight line, making only slight adjustments if needed. When turning, stop the harvesting process first. Use reverse or a right-angle turn to avoid damaging uncut crops. Mechanical harvesting should only be done under suitable conditions. Avoid harvesting when the grain is too wet or broken. If the crop is severely lodged, mechanical harvesting may not be effective. During or just after rain, high moisture content in the straw makes mechanical harvesting unsuitable. Always prioritize user needs and explain any limitations to avoid dissatisfaction. When driving the combine harvester, safety is paramount. Operators must carry valid documentation, including the license plate, driver’s license, and a cross-regional operation certificate. These documents should be clearly visible for inspection. Maintain a safe distance from other vehicles and avoid sudden braking or sharp turns. When stopped for inspections, pull over safely and cooperate fully. Only two operators should drive the machine at a time; others should travel separately to avoid unsafe practices like sleeping on the machine. Maintain communication with the team, and when waiting, choose quiet roads and mark the vehicle properly. Never park under bridges or near power lines. Regularly check tire pressure, bolt tightness, and hub temperature. In hot weather, take frequent breaks to avoid fatigue and ensure safe operation. By following these guidelines, operators can enhance both productivity and safety during harvest season.

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