Whether grapes are planted or not plays a crucial role in achieving early high yields. Traditionally, grape planting was commonly done in spring, with autumn planting being rare. However, recent scientific research and practical experience have shown that autumn planting offers significant advantages over spring planting. It is recommended not to delay autumn planting, especially where conditions permit, as it can greatly enhance the success of grape cultivation.
There are several benefits to planting grapes in the autumn. First, it allows for an earlier high-yield period. Grapevines planted in the fall typically start growing 20-30 days earlier than those planted in spring. Some plants may even bear fruit in the same year, while all should produce well by the second year. In contrast, spring-planted vines often take until the third year to enter the fruiting stage. Second, the survival rate of autumn-planted grapes is higher. The temperature in autumn is more stable compared to spring, and both air and soil temperatures are generally warmer, which promotes faster wound healing and root development. As a result, the survival rate of autumn-planted vines is usually over 90%, about 20% higher than that of spring plantings. Third, autumn planting provides a longer window for planting. In northern China, the autumn planting season typically runs from late September to early October, lasting around 45-50 days—15-20 days longer than the spring planting period. Fourth, autumn planting helps avoid competition for water and nutrients with other crops like grains, cotton, and oilseeds. Since these crops are harvested in the fall, they don’t require watering or fertilizing during this time, reducing conflicts and allowing better resource allocation for grapevines, ultimately improving their quality and yield.
To maximize the benefits of autumn planting, proper care and management are essential. First, select suitable land and healthy seedlings. Sandy soil is ideal for grape cultivation. Choose cold-tolerant varieties and high-quality seedlings with strong root systems, full buds, and no signs of disease. Second, prepare the soil carefully to ensure good planting conditions. After selecting the site, plow and level the field, then dig planting holes according to the planned layout. The top diameter of each hole should be about 80 cm, and the bottom 40 cm. Trim the roots and shoots of the seedlings before planting, keeping as many roots as possible. Mix 3,000–5,000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre into the bottom of the pit, cover with 10 cm of soil, place one grapevine in each hole, compact the soil, and water thoroughly. Once the water has been absorbed, level the soil around the planting hole. Third, provide proper post-planting care. In autumn, cover the base of the seedlings with 20–30 cm of soil or mulch to protect them from winter damage. In spring, remove the mulch once the ground thaws. Before the buds begin to grow, cut back 2–3 buds on the main stem. After sprouting, remove excess buds and pinch off the tips of side shoots. When the main shoot reaches 50 cm in length, pinch it as well. Then transition to regular field management practices.
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