Golden gourd, scientifically known as *Cucurbita pepo*, is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family. The plant features long, thick, hollow stems with ridges and bristles. Along the stem segments, there are lateral vines and tendrils that help the plant climb and spread. These vines grow vigorously and can become quite extensive. Female flowers typically appear on the main vines, starting from the 5th to 7th node. The fruit is oval in shape, turns golden yellow when mature, and has a thick, fleshy texture.
Golden gourd is sensitive to temperature, and it thrives best when the temperature stays above 15°C. For optimal fruit development, the ideal temperature range is between 25°C and 30°C. This plant is not very picky about soil conditions, making it suitable for a variety of growing environments.
Seedlings are usually transplanted in mid to late March, after about 30 days of growth. They are ready for transplanting when they have three to four true leaves. Direct sowing is done in mid-April, with 2 to 3 seeds per hole. Planting in late April requires a spacing of approximately 2.7 meters between rows and 0.4 to 0.5 meters between plants, with two plants per hole, resulting in around 1,000 to 1,200 plants per mu. Before planting, farmers often apply 50 pounds of animal manure per mu and 12.5 kg of superphosphate to enrich the soil.
During the flowering stage, it's important to manage fertilizer and water carefully to avoid excessive vegetative growth, which can lead to poor fruit set. Before mulching, about 30 to 40 tons of livestock manure per acre is applied, along with 10 to 15 kg of ammonium sulfate to encourage rapid fruit expansion.
Each plant should have 2 to 3 vines, with 1 to 2 vines left per main vine, and each vine should have 3 to 4 leaves before topping. The harvesting period usually starts in mid-June and continues until the end of July. With proper care, the yield can reach 2,000 to 3,000 kilograms per mu, making golden gourd a profitable crop for farmers.
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