Pleurotus tuber-regenerating mycelium is not suitable for direct mushroom cultivation. Unlike regular mushrooms, it requires a maturation phase before fruiting can occur. This post-ripening period often becomes a major challenge for many mushroom farmers, as the duration varies depending on the strain. Typically, this stage lasts between 30 to 60 days, with some strains taking up to 80 days. Such a long waiting period makes production planning difficult and significantly extends the overall growing cycle.
To address this issue, modern cultivation techniques focus on shortening the maturation period through controlled environmental conditions. The key method involves first raising the temperature to around 30°C to allow the mycelium to fully develop. After that, the temperature is gradually lowered, and the bags are moved into cold storage at temperatures between 0°C and 10°C for approximately 15 days. This cold treatment helps the mycelium adapt to stress, promoting its readiness for fruiting.
Before placing the bags in cold storage, it's important to check their condition. If the bag appears very white, sounds hollow when tapped, and feels firm with good elasticity, it's ready to be moved out of the cold room. Then, it should be transferred to a plastic greenhouse where temperature, humidity, and light are increased. Good ventilation is also essential. Within about a week, small yellow fungal spots may appear at the inoculation site. At this point, the temperature should be reduced as much as possible to encourage fruiting. This usually occurs around mid-November.
Maintaining a temperature below 15°C in the greenhouse is manageable, especially if the grass cover is properly maintained. Increasing ventilation during the morning, evening, and night, along with regular ground watering and misting, helps create ideal conditions. Within 1 to 2 days, and at temperatures below 10°C, mushroom buds begin to form quickly.
Generally, only 1 to 3 bud formations per fruiting surface are needed, and the buds are monitored until they fully differentiate. Only one is kept for optimal growth. Under these conditions, large, uniform, straight, and white mushrooms can be produced consistently. This approach not only improves yield but also ensures better quality and faster turnaround for mushroom farmers.
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