In summer, the water temperature rises significantly, and yellow eels become more active in feeding. However, this increased activity leads to more waste production, which can quickly deteriorate water quality and reduce oxygen levels. If proper summer management is not implemented, yellow eels may suffer from environmental stress and even die. When raising yellow eels during the hot season, it's essential to follow these key steps:
First, effective escape prevention is crucial during the summer. It’s important to regularly check if the drainage system is clogged and whether the netting around the pond is intact. The height of the pond walls should be sufficient to prevent eels from jumping out. If they are too low, additional barriers or deeper pools should be constructed. Also, the top of the pond should be designed with a "factory" shape, and the corners should be rounded to prevent eels from escaping through sharp angles. Proper escape prevention measures are vital to avoid significant losses.
Second, cooling the water is essential during the summer heat. High temperatures can cause heatstroke in eels, which can be fatal. The ideal water temperature for yellow eel farming is between 20°C and 28°C. To keep the temperature within this range, shade structures such as vines or trellises can be installed around the pond. Additionally, aquatic plants should cover about two-thirds of the pond surface to provide natural cooling and help regulate water temperature. If the temperature still exceeds 28°C, fresh water should be added. Groundwater or deep well water is preferable, but the temperature difference between the new and existing water should not exceed 3°C. For those with better resources, using shaded areas or indoor systems for cooling can further improve results.
Third, maintaining good water quality is critical. During summer, eels consume more food and produce more waste, which can lead to rapid water pollution. Poor water quality can cause eels to stop eating and become prone to diseases. Therefore, frequent water changes are necessary. Under normal conditions, water should be replaced every other day. If the water quality is poor, daily or even twice-daily changes may be required. Healthy eels will eat actively and make a clicking sound when feeding, indicating that the environment is suitable.
Fourth, managing oxygen levels is essential. As water temperature increases, dissolved oxygen decreases. This can lead to hypoxia, causing eels to float at the surface, which affects their growth and may even result in death. To prevent this, fresh, cool water should be added to lower the temperature and increase oxygen levels. However, avoid adding water in the evening to prevent premature mixing of water layers, which could worsen floating head issues. Introducing mud into the pond can also help circulate oxygen between the upper and lower layers. Planting aquatic plants enhances oxygen levels through photosynthesis, improving overall water quality. Any signs of floating heads should be addressed immediately to ensure the survival of the eels through the summer months.
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