In order to produce strong, healthy seedlings with thick stems, short internodes, and well-developed root systems, the bed soil must be rich in nutrients. For a bed measuring 11.3 square meters, it is recommended to apply 200 kg of organic fertilizer, along with 0.5 kg of superphosphate and 0.5 kg of potassium sulfate. The soil should be thoroughly mixed with these fertilizers. Alternatively, you can use 100–150 kg of manure-based fertilizer combined with 1 kg of NPK compound fertilizer for better results.
Before planting eggplants, it's essential to prepare the soil properly. Apply 5,000–7,000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, along with 15 kg of superphosphate and 10 kg of potassium sulfate. Then, plow the field to ensure even distribution. Before turning the soil, you may also add 3,000–5,000 kg of organic fertilizer, followed by hoeing or tilling. After transplanting, apply 1,500 kg of organic fertilizer and 25–50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer. Additionally, you can include 1 kg of zinc sulfate and 2 kg of manganese sulfate to improve nutrient uptake and plant health.
Throughout the growing season, eggplants require consistent nutrition. Their nutrient uptake increases rapidly after flowering, making the period from fruit setting to the four-door stage (when the first four fruits are harvested) the most critical time for top-dressing. During this phase, it’s advisable to apply fertilizer every 10 days. You can use ammonium sulfate at 15–20 kg, urea at 7.5–10 kg, or ammonium nitrate at 10–15 kg per acre. Using well-rotted human manure, around 500–600 kg, is also an effective option. Fertilizers can be applied through trenching, drilling, or irrigation.
It’s important to avoid applying phosphate fertilizers during the later growth stages, as this may encourage seed development within the fruit, leading to hard seeds and reduced commercial value. When fertilizing, always follow the principle of using organic manure as the main source and chemical fertilizers as a supplement. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen, should be avoided to prevent nutrient buildup in flower buds, which can cause abnormal carpel formation and increase nitrate levels in the fruit tissue. Proper fertilization ensures both high yield and quality.
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