How to reasonably prepare and use Bordeaux mixture

Bordeaux liquid is a broad-spectrum, protective bactericide with the longest application time, the widest range, and the most stable drug efficacy. The active ingredient is basic copper sulfate. In the production practice, some fruit growers suffer from phytotoxicity due to improper preparation or use, and should pay great attention and be prevented.

1. Selection of materials: Blue crystals should be used for the copper sulfate, and lime (please do not use hydrated lime) for the lime.

2. Preparation method: The standard Bordeaux mixture is colloidal suspension, and its quality is closely related to the preparation method. The order of preparation should be to inject the fully dissolved copper sulfate solution into the milk of lime to allow the reaction to proceed in an alkaline medium, using a dilute copper thick ash method. The specific preparation method is to prepare milk of lime with 1/10 of the water, and add 9/10 of water to the solution of copper sulfate. Then slowly pour the copper sulfate solution into the milk of lime and stir it down, or pour the two solutions at the same time. In the three barrels, while stirring down, must not pour lime milk into the copper sulfate solution, otherwise it will cause precipitation, reduce the efficacy, and it is easy to produce phytotoxicity after use. It is better not to produce copper plating by inserting sharp nails for a moment.

3. Preparation Notes: 1) When using Bordeaux mixture, do not use iron containers. Can use plastic buckets, casks or ceramic containers. The temperature when preparing the liquid should not be higher than the indoor temperature. 2) Select the appropriate Bordeaux mixture formulation ratio. Bordeaux mixture is made of copper sulfate, quicklime and water. The dosage forms include a small amount of lime (4:1:400), a half amount (2:1:200), an equal amount (1:1:200), a multiple amount (1:2:200), and a multiple amount (2: 3:200), lime multiple times (1:3:100) and other formulations. A small amount of lime is effective, but it is unsafe for plants and has poor adhesion. Half-dosage is fast, has poor adhesion, and has few phytotoxicity to plants; equal, multiple, multiple, and multiple doses Slow effect, strong adhesion, safety to plants, no injury. 3) The prepared Bordeaux mixture solution should not be diluted with water.

4 safety precautions: 1) is now with the current use. Bordeaux liquid suspensions are best when they are fresh and have a certain degree of stability. However, if they are left for a long time, copper sulphate and calcium hydroxide will act to produce calcium sulphate and calcium hydroxide precipitates, which will affect the efficacy of the drug. Therefore, it should be used with it. 2) Semi-quantitative type should be used for grapes that are sensitive to lime, and multi-type and multi-type should be used for trees that are sensitive to copper sulfate such as apples, pears and persimmons. To prevent lobular disease in apples, zinc sulfate can be added in an appropriate amount of zinc sulphate (0.3:0.7:2:200). In the growing season of fruit trees such as peaches, apricots, plums and plums that are particularly sensitive to copper ions, Bordeaux mixture cannot be used. 3) Application objects. Bordeaux fluid is widely used for sterilization and has good control effect on scab, rosy, black spot, rust, brown spot, anthrax, soft rot, downy mildew, etc., but it has poor efficacy against powdery mildew. 4) Application period. It should be used before the infection or during the initial stage of infection. If pathogens have been infected, the pathogen must be killed by an eradicating fungicide and then sprayed with Bordeaux. Should be used interchangeably with eradicating fungicides. 5) Spray time. Avoid spraying on rainy days or when the dew is dry. After spraying, in case of rain, it should be sprayed 200 times lime water in time to prevent phytotoxicity. 6) Mixing with other agents. Can be used together with a variety of insecticides, can not be placed. It cannot be mixed with organic drugs that are weakly alkaline and decomposable, and pesticides that react with calcium ions and copper ions. Do not mix with lime sulfur, mineral oil emulsion, soap, etc. 7) Avoid fruit trees during young fruit use. Most fruit trees, such as apples and pears, are sensitive to copper ions. If sprayed at this time, the pericarp holes will increase, and the fruit surface will be rough. Young fruit can be changed to Dasheng M-45, carbendazim and other safe fungicides. Do not use the fruit within the first half of harvest, so as not to affect the appearance. 8) Note the interval between medications. The Bordeaux liquid retention period is 15 to 20 days, and it takes about 15 days to spray every drug; the sprayed lime sulfur must be separated by 7 to 10 days to spray Bordeaux fluid; after spraying the mineral oil emulsion, Bordeaux can be used only one month later. Liquid to avoid phytotoxicity.

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