Many aquaculture farmers do not pay attention to preparing the grass for winter, which leads to loss of skinny or even death of livestock in the winter and spring, and reduces economic benefits. For example, silage of green corn stalks and leaves and fresh green grass will be silted up in the summer to provide enough feed for livestock to survive over winter. This will not only reduce the overfeed of feed in summer and autumn but also solve the feed problem of safe winter for livestock. This is an ideal solution.
Silage cellar construction
Ground silo: more suitable for areas with more rainwater and higher groundwater levels. In other areas where conditions permit, permanent ground pits can also be built. The bottom of the silo is on the ground, and the entire cellar wall and pit floor are made of stones or bricks. The inner wall is cemented to make it straight and smooth. The bottom of the pit cannot seep water, except for a certain slope, there should be better drainage around the pit, especially to prevent ground water from pouring into the entrance.
Underground or semi-subterranean silo: Suitable for areas with less rain, good drainage, and low winter temperatures. The walls of the cellar are made of bricks or stones, and the inner walls are cemented to make them more expensive. The four walls of the crypt should be smooth and straight, and the upper end of the pit must be wider than the bottom to avoid landslides; the bottom of the pit must be sloped so as to exclude excessive juice from the forage. Placing the plastic film in a dug-out cellar so that the stored forages are all wrapped in plastic film. At the same time, the cellar should not be too large, the number of each cellar should not be too much, you can build a number of excavation, run out of one and then enable one to protect the quality of silage.
Cellar volume determination: The size of the silo can be determined according to the size of the feeding and the amount of raw materials. The silage volume per cubic meter is 400-600 kg. The annual feed intake of beef and sheep per head can be calculated on the basis of only 3 to 5 tons and 0.5 to 1 ton per head, and the number of cows can be calculated from 8 to 10 tons.
Silage raw material selection
The entire plant corn silage should be harvested at the right time without affecting the yield of crops. From late August to early September, the whole plant of corn during the milk ripening period to the wax ripening stage can be made of good quality and high nutritional value. Silage.
Most corn stalk silages currently use corn stalks after harvesting to modulate silage. When the corn ear is harvested and only one or two of the lower corn stalks are yellowed and harvested, the maximum nutrient yield, water content (about 70%) and soluble carbohydrate content can be obtained from the unit area. Appropriate, beneficial to the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria, easy to make high-quality silage. Harvested corn stalks with yellow or rotten spoilage must be removed.
Silage process
Control of the moisture content of the raw material: The moisture content of the silage raw material is ideally 65% ​​to 70%. If the moisture content of the raw material is too high, the moisture content may be adjusted by properly drying and then storing or properly blending with coarse crushed, crushed hay, etc.; if the raw material has a low water content, the water may be sprayed appropriately and uniformly or may be appropriately blended with green Succulent feed.
é“¡ Cut: Corn stalks are transported to the silage site immediately after harvest. Shred with a shredder, length of about 1.5 to 2 cm. The purpose of shortening is to facilitate packing compaction, resulting in an anaerobic environment; easy access; in addition can quickly discharge part of the juice, is conducive to the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria.
Compaction: Before filling, the bottom of the pit is covered with 20 cm thick dry mat grass, and then the shredded raw materials are rapidly loaded into the pit. Loading should be layer by layer, each layer is filled with 15 to 20 centimeters, to maximize compaction, reduce the gap to create anaerobic environment; in particular, pay attention to the edge and corners of the pit, the more compaction is more likely to cause anaerobic The environment is more conducive to the activity and reproduction of lactic acid bacteria. After the degree of compaction is completed by fermentation, the sinking of the feed should not exceed 10% of the pit depth. The sooner the loading is completed, the better. It should generally be completed within 2 to 3 days. Small pits can be artificially compacted or compacted. Large silages can be compacted with track or wheeled tractors.
Cellar Sealing: Preventing air leaks is an important part of the modulation of fine silage. The cellar seal is not good enough to enter the air, water, or mold and other spoilage bacteria, resulting in deterioration of the silage. Corn silage can be capped when it is over 60 cm above the pit. The plastic film is covered first, then covered with soil, about 20-30 cm thick, and made into a head type to facilitate drainage.
Unconventional silage: Some silage additives can be added during silage to ensure and increase the nutritional composition and nutritional value of silage. For example, in the production of silage, if the acid additives are added, the silage can be quickly acidified to prevent the propagation of harmful bacteria to ensure the nutritional composition and nutritive value of silage; to increase the crude protein content of corn silage, every 1000 kg of silage Can add 5 ~ 6 kg of urea, first dissolve the urea, evenly sprayed into the silage can be; in the silage added silage 0.1% to 0.15% of salt, can improve the palatability of silage; inoculation of lactic acid bacteria It can increase the content of lactic acid in silage and increase its nutritional value and utilization.
Premix: premix refers to the powder or granular preparation made by the uniform mixture of drug and suitable matrix. The premix was administered through the feed at a certain drug concentration.
Relevant regulations
1. The drugs in the premix should be dried and crushed first. Unless otherwise specified, it shall pass through No. 4 sieve completely, and the mixture of powder that can pass No. 5 sieve shall not exceed 10.0%.
2. The matrix used in the premix includes carrier, diluent, etc. The matrix should be stable, good fluidity, easy to mix with drugs and feed. The fatty matrix should be degreased first. In addition to the substrate specified under each variety, other suitable substrates can also be selected. In general, a single substrate should be used. The matrix shall not contain more than 20 parts per million of heavy metals; Arsenic salt shall not exceed 2 parts per million; The drying loss of inorganic matrix and organic matrix should not exceed 3.0% and 8.0% respectively.
3. According to the property of the drug, the drug can be dispersed evenly by proper methods. Appropriate methods should be used to make the drug mix evenly in the preparation of low concentration drug premix.
4. The premix should have good fluidity and be easy to mix with feed.
5. Unless otherwise specified, the premixes shall be stored in a closed container. The premixes containing volatile drugs or easily hygroscopic drugs shall be stored in a closed container, and the microbial limit shall be controlled.
6. Unless otherwise specified, the label of premix shall also indicate the name of matrix.
Our business covers Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and Southeast Asia.
North Africa Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria.
East Africa is Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda and Seychelles.
West Africa usually includes Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Liberia, C ô te d'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Nigeria, etc.
South Africa is South Africa, including Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Swaziland, Lesotho, Mozambique, Republic of South Africa, Namibia, Madagascar, Comoros, Mauritius, Reunion Island, France, St. Helena and ascension.
Central Africa includes the Central African Republic, Chad, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republic of Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Sao Tome and Principe.
Central Asia refers to the inland region of Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Afghanistan.
Southeast Asia: Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia and Timor Leste.
Countries and regions in West Asia include Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, UAE, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Turkey, Israel, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Yemen, Cyprus, Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan.
North African countries and regions include Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Madeira Islands, Azores Islands and Western Sahara.
Premix Veterinary Medicine for Africa Animals,Veterinary Multivitamin Premix to Central Asia,Veterinary Florfenicol Premix to Middle East,Veterinary Oxytetracycline Premix to Southeast Asia
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