Young ostriches are small ostriches from birth until 3 months of age. The low survival rate of young chicks is one of the main reasons for the rapid development of ostrich farming. My field has been through several years of exploration. The survival rate of young ostriches in the past two years has stabilized at more than 75%. Based on the author's experience over the past few years, talk about some methods and experiences of maintaining the ideal survival rate of young ostriches.
First, designing a brooding farm requires science
In addition to meeting the conventional design requirements, the floor of the brooding house and the feeding shed of my farm were all laid with terracotta tiles (also known as "floor tiles" and "moisture-proof bricks", which were fired with clay). Pottery floor tiles have excellent moisture absorption, moisture resistance, heat insulation, can keep the ground dry, and can effectively avoid the young ostrich? "Viscero fever", and it is particularly non-slip, can reduce the leg deformity of young ostriches caused by slipping, ground cleaning, cleaning, disinfection is also convenient. The vertical length of the stadium is 20 to 30 meters, 4.8 meters wide, The middle of the longitudinal section is designed as a gentle slope to exercise the leg strength of the chicks, and the l/4 part of the playground is covered with 10 cm thick sand, and the sand is sieved with a mesh of 0.2 square centimeters. 50 dip sieved, the l/2 part of the middle of the field allows the grass to naturally grow grass from under the fine sand of the book, and the young grass can satisfy the hobby of the young ostrich, thus effectively overcoming the pre-stomach of the young bird. Sand plot.
Second, the implementation of disinfection system must be strict
If the disinfection work is done well, all infectious diseases can be eliminated, which is an important condition for ensuring the health of young ostriches. Keepers must disinfect their hands with 0.1% benzalkonium bromide solution, change shoes, change clothes, and then step on the disinfection tank to enter the farm. Wash the green material with a 50-100ppm potassium permanganate solution and soak it for a while. During the day and in the evening, the water dish and tray used for feeding the young ostriches should be rotated. After each use, they must be cleaned and soaked and sterilized. Clean the excrement in time, and clean the house and the feed house every morning, noon, and evening. Ground and 1 meter high walls are daily disinfected with 0.1% disinfection spray. In the brooding box, the burlap bed is used as a burlap, and the department should replace it twice a day. The cold day should be replaced once a day. The washed burlap should be soaked with 0.l% to 0.2% of the bacteria for 30 minutes. Feeding rooms and feeding sheds The ostriches must be vacated, cleaned, and sterilized once after 1.5 to 2 months, purified for two weeks, and then re-sterilized with formalin at 3 concentrations. The sand on the sports field should be frequently sunburned and disinfected.
Third, engage in disease prevention and control carefully
1 to 3 days old ostrich chicks should be sterilized with iodine as the umbilical part, and no less than 3 times per day. For chicks with poor umbilical contraction, rifampicin ointment should be applied to the umbilicus to prevent omphalitis. The correcting of the deformed toes of young ostriches should begin at 2 to 3 days of age, and the "bundle correction method" is commonly used. In order not to affect the blood flow and leg development of the chick legs, it is necessary to replace and enlarge the foot ring mark in time. In view of the susceptibility of chicks to Newcastle disease, NC-II seedlings should be inoculated at 9 to 14 days of young ostriches, then boosted once every 3 weeks and then once a month (Note: This immunization procedure is limited to young animals. Bird period). Observing the activity, mental status, diet, and excrement of the chicks carefully during daily feeding and management work, press? The principle of "early, quick, strict, and small" enables the disease to be controlled as soon as possible and the diseased young children are treated promptly.
Fourth, to provide living conditions suitable
Appropriate living conditions are the guarantee of successful brooding. 1. Temperature: Because of the poor insulation capacity and thermoregulatory capacity of young ostriches, the temperature in the incubator is controlled at 35°C to 32°C for the first 5 days of the young ostrich, and then descends 2°C to 3°C each week to 9 At the age of approximately 18°C ​​to 20°C, the nursery can hold 6°C in a low incubator. When the winter and spring seasons are brooding and the nursery does not reach the required temperature, the incubator can be bred at a high temperature. 2. Humidity: The body of newly hatched chicks contains a large amount of water. The appropriate humidity should be conducive to swelling without causing dehydration. The general humidity is controlled at 60% to 70%. In the hot and rainy season, it is necessary to change the mat pad. 3. Ventilation: African ostriches have a natural bladder and a lot of urine. A large amount of excrement can produce a strong irritating gas, which is harmful to the eyes and respiratory tract of young ostriches. The brooding room should be well ventilated, but it must be protected against thieves and drafts. 4. Light: In order to ensure that young chicks less than 6 weeks of age are actively feeding at night, it is best to use a 100-watt incandescent light bulb. After 2 months of age, if the young ostrich develops normally, there is no need to turn on the lights at night. 5. Density: The area of ​​breeding young ostriches under 1.5 months of age needs 1 breeding area per square meter, and the area of ​​breeding ostriches growing over 1.5 months of age is 0.5 per square meter. The number of ostriches per group is preferably 8 to 12, which is beneficial to timely detection of diseased individuals and timely treatment of diseased young animals.
Fifth, the breeding method should be appropriate
Appropriate feeding methods are prerequisites for the normal growth and development of the chicks. 1. Opened water to eat: The young ostrich can provide nutrients for the first 3 to 5 days after hatching. Generally, we begin to supply drinking water and feed at the third day of the young ostrich. If there are several hatchlings in the same batch, the chicks will generally take the lead in drinking water. If only one of the batches is hatched, it is sometimes necessary to induce feeding. By the age of 5 days, the newly hatched ostriches can release the incubator. Feeding the drinking water is guided by the bigger chicks. The green food must be carefully cut. When the green material is too dry, it can be moistened with water and then mixed in. Fine material. In the first 3 to 5 days, newborn chicks are given 3% to 5% of multidimensional glucose water. 2. Feeding: The feed should be fed less frequently, especially in the hot and humid season, and it should be added and changed frequently. The chicks like to eat green feed, generally adopting the method of mixing green materials several times in the concentrate to increase the feed intake of the young ostrich. The young ostriches are poor in their ability to use crude fiber. They are used to feed young ostriches up to 2 months of age, such as bitter leeks, Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage (Teng Lai or spinach), spring leaves, citron leaves, etc.; instead of grasses, they are afraid of Cause indigestion. The green material of young ostriches for feeding is best not to use sweet potato leaves, because the sweet potato leaves produce wind and gas, which is unfavorable to individuals with poor health. 3. Fully balanced nutrition: The conditional field home is best to produce full-price materials for young ostriches. My field is feeding broiler materials for young ostriches, and young ostriches have also achieved satisfactory growth effects. In order to ensure the healthy growth of young chicks, drinking water often add a variety of vitamins, accelerate -14, -15, etc., but also regularly engage in potassium permanganate, sodium selenite and zinc sulfate drinking water, in order to enhance the health of young ostrich While preventing leg problems caused by this factor. In winter, due to the short duration of sunshine, attention should be paid to feeding young ostriches with Va and Vd to prevent rickets most likely to occur in winter.
VI. Excessive work should be done well
Good transitional work can reduce the stress of young ostriches and reduce losses. First of all, we must have enough patience to do a good job of the fledgling of the chicks. After opening the good food, we must pay attention to compensatory eating phenomenon of chicks of about 10 days of age. If the control is not good, young ostriches are most likely to have severe diarrhea at this stage. The slow feeding method is generally adopted to allow young ostriches to survive this troublesome event in peace. If diarrhea has already occurred, the ostriches may be given to the young ostriches, such as abdominal ampoules, berberine, furazolidone, and cypermethrin, which can cause diarrhea, such as severe diarrhea, and oral medicinal charcoal (charcoal powder). To increase the range of activity and exercise time of young ostriches should be treated gradually, and the time for prolonging the contact between young ostriches and fine sand should also be gradual. The young ostriches should not be in contact with sand before 20 days of age. Around the age of 20 days, the young ostriches began to rest, increasing their exercise capacity and shortening the time for each bird release. In this way, a hard-working and diligent approach was adopted so that young ostriches gradually became accustomed to the sand environment. When the young ostriches can move freely on the sand, they can remove the burrows for the chicks to rest at night, and then thicken the sand on the bed. However, it must be noted that there must be no sand in the places where feeding water is provided, as young ostriches prefer to feed on the ground and dirty sand around the water tray. When we do a good job of the above work, the next transfer and transfer work will be easier. Younger age, the more careful to transfer the group, in order to make the young ostrich less stress, advocate the whole group turn, and the group shift is better than a grasp. If you really want to grasp, you must first grasp the bigger chicks and then the young chicks. After 2 months of age, the full price for the feeding of young ostriches will be transferred to medium chicken feed. Three or three systems should be adopted for the transfer of materials, that is, 1/3 of the medium broiler feed should be changed first, then fed for 3 to 5 days, then replaced with 2/3 of the medium broiler feed, fed for 3 to 5 days, and then all used in the chicken feed. . The sudden change of feed will cause the feed intake to decline. The transfer bar and the transfer material must not be carried out at the same time.
The above are some of the practices that my field has maintained a high survival rate of young ostriches. In short, the feeding and management methods and methods of young ostriches are diverse, and the feeding and management of young ostriches is a technical one.
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