The vegetables in greenhouses around the country will enter the busy season, and vegetable farmers can not ignore the prevention and control of insect pests while preventing various diseases. For this reason, the author summarizes several common small-shaped pests and they are often used in greenhouse vegetable production. Occurrence of small insects, including whiteflies, aphids, thrips, tea aphids, spider mites, leaf miners and so on.
As a whitefly, whitefly, and pest, Shouguang vegetable farmers are commonly referred to as “white moths†and “white ones.†In recent years, with the expansion of the greenhouse area, the temperature and humidity environment of the greenhouse have provided sites for survival and reproduction. Caused the occurrence of whitefly every year, seriously harming the normal growth of vegetables, especially damage to greenhouse vegetables. In the greenhouse, whiteflies can occur for more than 10 generations in a year, and they cannot survive outdoors in winter. Adults and larvae of whiteflies absorb crop juices. The damaged leaves turn green, yellow or wilting, and may eventually die. In addition, adults and larvae can secrete a large amount of honeydew to contaminate the leaves and fruits of crops, resulting in the occurrence of coal pollution. , so that vegetables and other commodities lose their value.
Prevention and control measures: 1. Agricultural and physical prevention and control: First, set up an insect-proof net at the vent of the greenhouse to prevent the whitefly from entering the greenhouse, and then set the yellow sticky board inside the shed. The whitefly has a strong positive tendency toward yellow, and this can be used Characteristics of the use of yellow board to smear oil to kill, 2, chemical control: the current method of production of commonly used vegetable farmers First, the application of imidacloprid before planting points to prevent, generally 1000 plants with 10% imidacloprid 2 pounds, as well as spray agents, vegetable farmers use imidacloprid Or imipenem, but the control effect is very general. Recently, some grass-roots agricultural technicians have suggested that if there is a triple effect of contact, killing, fumigation, and a long duration, it is ideal for killing insects and killing eggs. .
Liriomyza sativae usually occurs in agricultural production mainly including Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, Liriomyza huidobrensis, and Liriomyza micolae. These pests mainly harm the beans, solanaceous fruits, cruciferous vegetables, green onions and garlic. When Liriomyza spp. damages, eggs are laid in the tissues of the crop, and the larvae feed on the leaves. After the leaves are damaged, they lose their green and white, and their chlorophylls are destroyed and affect the photosynthesis. In general, the leaves often produce obvious insect tracts due to the damage of Liriomyza larvae, resulting in damage to the mosaic.
Control methods: The first choice is agricultural control. After the harvest of vegetables, the waste leaves are cleaned up and destroyed in a centralized manner to reduce the number of insects. Then, before the planting of the next crop, the insect nets should be set early to prevent pests from entering the shed. In the case of crops that are in the growing season, it is recommended that the pesticide be selected and controlled, and 3000 times of 20% fenvalerate can be selected.
Tea leaves Tea leaves Yellow leafhoppers are small pests commonly found on vegetables such as peppers and eggplants. They have a body length of only 0.2 millimeters. They do not have a pronounced red color but a transparent color, so they are difficult to observe with the naked eye. Tawny leafhoppers tend to be tender, and pupa and young larvae are concentrated on the young leaves or the top of the plant, or on the tender stems, shoots and young fruit. In the province of Futian, it is prone to the occurrence of yellow tea leaves, and poor ventilation and humidity in the greenhouse can also cause the pest.
Prevention and control measures: The key to prevention and control of tea leaves is accurate diagnosis. Because of the small individual leaves of Ochrenia, it is not easy to be found. It is easy to confuse the symptoms of diseases with viral diseases and physiological diseases. Therefore, when an abnormal situation occurs, it should be diagnosed in what kind of situation in order to treat the disease. Agricultural control: Strengthen field management, cultivate strong seedlings, and increase ventilation and light transmission. Chemical control measures: pepper seedlings can be used endangered and other agents to control, pay attention to medication can not be overdose, so as not to damage traditional Chinese medicine.
The common thrips in the production of protected vegetables in thrips are palm thrips, also known as thrips and brown thrips, which are harmed by adults and nymphs sucking young shoots, leaves, flowers and young fruit juices. The grayish-white chlorosis point appears. Severe damage can lead to early fall of the flower organ and dry leaves. The tip of the new shoot is damaged. The leaf edge of the damaged leaf can not be stretched. It is corrugated and the veins are yellowish green and yellow. Leaf-shaped and finally damaged leaves turn yellow, become brittle and easily fall off. The shoots of the new shoots were damaged. The growing points were inhibited and the branches and leaves clustered or the top buds shrank.
Prevention and control measures: According to the characteristics of rapid reproduction of horses and easy disasters, prevention and comprehensive control should be adopted. Such as the use of nutritious soil nursery, removal of diseased leaves to reduce the source of insects, choose the right time to plant. Diligent watering can also eliminate underground nymphs and slugs, and diligent weeding can reduce the damage. During the onset of the thrips, spraying was started in the morning when the dew had not dried. You can choose 10% imidacloprid 1500 times wettable powder, you can also use pyrethroid pesticides. Can also be used in the United States in addition to 1000 times plus Aketai 2000 times and other agents control effect is better.
There are many types of aphid locusts, mainly peach aphid, radish amaranth, and Ganlan amaranth. The most widespread occurrence of peach aphid, in addition to feeding cruciferous vegetables, but also harm spinach, pepper, eggplant and so on. After the young leaves were damaged by aphids, the leaves were rolled down and deformed and shrunken. Dishes are prone to flooding, spreading viral diseases and causing vegetables to lose output. The difficulty in controlling locusts lies in the small size of the worms, which is difficult to detect in the early stages, and they are resistant to many drugs. It is difficult to achieve good results with the use of agents and improper spraying.
Preventive measures: First remove the weeds in the fields and the damaged crops in the neighboring fields, and reduce the sources of invasive insects. Then covered with silver-gray gauze, covered with silver-gray mulching film or field hanging silver-gray plastic film strips, can repel the entry of winged crickets. At the same time pay attention to field observations, timely detection, and early prevention and control before peak occurrence. The spray should be evenly moistened for 2 to 3 consecutive times, separated by 5 to 7 days, and the agents with good systemic absorption and contact and fumigation should be used alternately.
The individuals of the red spider are very small, less than 1 mm, round or oval, most of them are reddish-brown. Since the insects are small and difficult to find, once they are found to be harmful, the damage to the leaves of the vegetables is already serious. The pests suck the leaf juice and cause damage to the chlorophyll. The leaves show yellowish spots or plaques. When the pests occur, they often cause the leaves to yellow, fall off, and even fall. At high temperature and drought, the red spider on the crop reproduces rapidly and is seriously damaged.
Control measures: Observe and observe at ordinary times, and when the color of the leaves is found to be abnormal, the back of the leaves should be carefully inspected. Once it is discovered that spraying should be prevented and treated in a timely manner, Kekeite and other pharmaceuticals can be selected. Note that the spraying should be uniform and thoughtful, with particular attention to fine spray.
As a whitefly, whitefly, and pest, Shouguang vegetable farmers are commonly referred to as “white moths†and “white ones.†In recent years, with the expansion of the greenhouse area, the temperature and humidity environment of the greenhouse have provided sites for survival and reproduction. Caused the occurrence of whitefly every year, seriously harming the normal growth of vegetables, especially damage to greenhouse vegetables. In the greenhouse, whiteflies can occur for more than 10 generations in a year, and they cannot survive outdoors in winter. Adults and larvae of whiteflies absorb crop juices. The damaged leaves turn green, yellow or wilting, and may eventually die. In addition, adults and larvae can secrete a large amount of honeydew to contaminate the leaves and fruits of crops, resulting in the occurrence of coal pollution. , so that vegetables and other commodities lose their value.
Prevention and control measures: 1. Agricultural and physical prevention and control: First, set up an insect-proof net at the vent of the greenhouse to prevent the whitefly from entering the greenhouse, and then set the yellow sticky board inside the shed. The whitefly has a strong positive tendency toward yellow, and this can be used Characteristics of the use of yellow board to smear oil to kill, 2, chemical control: the current method of production of commonly used vegetable farmers First, the application of imidacloprid before planting points to prevent, generally 1000 plants with 10% imidacloprid 2 pounds, as well as spray agents, vegetable farmers use imidacloprid Or imipenem, but the control effect is very general. Recently, some grass-roots agricultural technicians have suggested that if there is a triple effect of contact, killing, fumigation, and a long duration, it is ideal for killing insects and killing eggs. .
Liriomyza sativae usually occurs in agricultural production mainly including Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, Liriomyza huidobrensis, and Liriomyza micolae. These pests mainly harm the beans, solanaceous fruits, cruciferous vegetables, green onions and garlic. When Liriomyza spp. damages, eggs are laid in the tissues of the crop, and the larvae feed on the leaves. After the leaves are damaged, they lose their green and white, and their chlorophylls are destroyed and affect the photosynthesis. In general, the leaves often produce obvious insect tracts due to the damage of Liriomyza larvae, resulting in damage to the mosaic.
Control methods: The first choice is agricultural control. After the harvest of vegetables, the waste leaves are cleaned up and destroyed in a centralized manner to reduce the number of insects. Then, before the planting of the next crop, the insect nets should be set early to prevent pests from entering the shed. In the case of crops that are in the growing season, it is recommended that the pesticide be selected and controlled, and 3000 times of 20% fenvalerate can be selected.
Tea leaves Tea leaves Yellow leafhoppers are small pests commonly found on vegetables such as peppers and eggplants. They have a body length of only 0.2 millimeters. They do not have a pronounced red color but a transparent color, so they are difficult to observe with the naked eye. Tawny leafhoppers tend to be tender, and pupa and young larvae are concentrated on the young leaves or the top of the plant, or on the tender stems, shoots and young fruit. In the province of Futian, it is prone to the occurrence of yellow tea leaves, and poor ventilation and humidity in the greenhouse can also cause the pest.
Prevention and control measures: The key to prevention and control of tea leaves is accurate diagnosis. Because of the small individual leaves of Ochrenia, it is not easy to be found. It is easy to confuse the symptoms of diseases with viral diseases and physiological diseases. Therefore, when an abnormal situation occurs, it should be diagnosed in what kind of situation in order to treat the disease. Agricultural control: Strengthen field management, cultivate strong seedlings, and increase ventilation and light transmission. Chemical control measures: pepper seedlings can be used endangered and other agents to control, pay attention to medication can not be overdose, so as not to damage traditional Chinese medicine.
The common thrips in the production of protected vegetables in thrips are palm thrips, also known as thrips and brown thrips, which are harmed by adults and nymphs sucking young shoots, leaves, flowers and young fruit juices. The grayish-white chlorosis point appears. Severe damage can lead to early fall of the flower organ and dry leaves. The tip of the new shoot is damaged. The leaf edge of the damaged leaf can not be stretched. It is corrugated and the veins are yellowish green and yellow. Leaf-shaped and finally damaged leaves turn yellow, become brittle and easily fall off. The shoots of the new shoots were damaged. The growing points were inhibited and the branches and leaves clustered or the top buds shrank.
Prevention and control measures: According to the characteristics of rapid reproduction of horses and easy disasters, prevention and comprehensive control should be adopted. Such as the use of nutritious soil nursery, removal of diseased leaves to reduce the source of insects, choose the right time to plant. Diligent watering can also eliminate underground nymphs and slugs, and diligent weeding can reduce the damage. During the onset of the thrips, spraying was started in the morning when the dew had not dried. You can choose 10% imidacloprid 1500 times wettable powder, you can also use pyrethroid pesticides. Can also be used in the United States in addition to 1000 times plus Aketai 2000 times and other agents control effect is better.
There are many types of aphid locusts, mainly peach aphid, radish amaranth, and Ganlan amaranth. The most widespread occurrence of peach aphid, in addition to feeding cruciferous vegetables, but also harm spinach, pepper, eggplant and so on. After the young leaves were damaged by aphids, the leaves were rolled down and deformed and shrunken. Dishes are prone to flooding, spreading viral diseases and causing vegetables to lose output. The difficulty in controlling locusts lies in the small size of the worms, which is difficult to detect in the early stages, and they are resistant to many drugs. It is difficult to achieve good results with the use of agents and improper spraying.
Preventive measures: First remove the weeds in the fields and the damaged crops in the neighboring fields, and reduce the sources of invasive insects. Then covered with silver-gray gauze, covered with silver-gray mulching film or field hanging silver-gray plastic film strips, can repel the entry of winged crickets. At the same time pay attention to field observations, timely detection, and early prevention and control before peak occurrence. The spray should be evenly moistened for 2 to 3 consecutive times, separated by 5 to 7 days, and the agents with good systemic absorption and contact and fumigation should be used alternately.
The individuals of the red spider are very small, less than 1 mm, round or oval, most of them are reddish-brown. Since the insects are small and difficult to find, once they are found to be harmful, the damage to the leaves of the vegetables is already serious. The pests suck the leaf juice and cause damage to the chlorophyll. The leaves show yellowish spots or plaques. When the pests occur, they often cause the leaves to yellow, fall off, and even fall. At high temperature and drought, the red spider on the crop reproduces rapidly and is seriously damaged.
Control measures: Observe and observe at ordinary times, and when the color of the leaves is found to be abnormal, the back of the leaves should be carefully inspected. Once it is discovered that spraying should be prevented and treated in a timely manner, Kekeite and other pharmaceuticals can be selected. Note that the spraying should be uniform and thoughtful, with particular attention to fine spray.
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