Peanut bacterial wilt is a bacterial vascular disease. Peanuts can occur from the seedling stage to the full fruit filling stage, but the incidence is most severe at the flowering stage. In the early stage of the disease, the first leaf of the tip shoot exhibited dehydration and wilting at first, delayed development in the morning, closed early in the afternoon, and withered during the day and recovered at night. Afterwards, the leaves of the diseased plants rapidly withered and drooped from top to bottom, and the leaves became gray-green. The uprooted roots of the diseased plants showed browning and rot. The root nodules were dark green and the roots showed cross-sections of light brown to black dots. , The longitudinal section of the root shows that the vascular bundle becomes light brown to black, and when it is wet, the visible pus exudates by hand.
Peanut bacterial wilt seeds are not borne by bacteria. The pathogens mainly survive in the soil in winter, and generally live for 3 to 5 years. The migration, deep turning, depression, and groundwater of the diseased soil cause the spread and spread of the disease, which causes the death of green crops. Diseases occur in severe fields, often showing signs of disease progression along the direction of flow. When the temperature reaches 25 °C or more, the amount of rainfall and sooner or later determine the incidence of the disease sooner or later and degree of size. It usually occurs when it is rainy, rainy or rainy, and sudden changes occur in the soil temperature and humidity, or nematodes in the plot increase, resulting in serious damage when the roots are injured or rotted; Severe; sandy soil, thin soil layer, and poor water retention and fertilizer protection are more serious than loamy soil and loamy soil; continuous cropping plots are more serious than rotary cropping fields; acid soils are more serious than slightly alkaline soils; Blocks are serious. In addition, there is a significant difference in resistance between varieties.
Control methods
1. Agricultural control uses high-yield and disease-resistant varieties, and it is reasonable to rotate. There is a place where water is available, and the practice of dry and dry crop rotation is effective. Dry land can be used for 3 to 5 years of rotation with melons and grass crops to avoid continuous cropping with solanaceae, leguminous, sesame and Other crops. Peanuts in the drylands, for short-term irrigation before sowing, can cause a large number of deaths of the bacteria. The use of sorghum cultivation, appropriate sowing, reasonable close planting, to prevent the shading of the field and flood irrigation. Pay attention to prevent flooding and prevent flooding and water flow in the field.
The use of formula fertilization technology, Shizu base fertilizer, application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, early application of nitrogen fertilizer, promote steady long hair and peanuts. Basal fertilizer Mushi Sukang Organic soybean meal 80 kg, compound fertilizer 20 kg, urea 5 kg, superphosphate 30 kg, borax 2 kg. Lime can be applied to acidic soils to reduce soil acidity and reduce disease occurrence. The diseased plants found in the field should be immediately removed, brought out of the field and buried with lime. When the peanuts are harvested, the diseased plants and residues are promptly removed to reduce the source of the soil.
2. Chemical control Spray 72% of agricultural streptomycin or neomycin, 20% of copper thiazolyl, 20% of methazoline, kasugamycin, Bacillus polymyxa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, 3 % Cymomycin, metalaxyl + thiram, metalaxyl + hymexazol, YingTian No. 2 multifunctional biological agents or related compounded products of the above products. Spray every 7 to 10 days, and spray 2 to 3 times to control. It can also be used with 14% solution of ammonia, 300 times solution of copper, 50% of copper carboxylate, 500 times of copper wettable powder, 77% of copper hydroxide wettable powder, 600-800 times, 72% of agricultural streptomycin, wettable powder 4000. Doubling liquid to irrigate the roots. Each tube is irrigated with 250 ml of liquid, separated once every 10 days, and continuously filled 2 or 3 times.
Peanut bacterial wilt seeds are not borne by bacteria. The pathogens mainly survive in the soil in winter, and generally live for 3 to 5 years. The migration, deep turning, depression, and groundwater of the diseased soil cause the spread and spread of the disease, which causes the death of green crops. Diseases occur in severe fields, often showing signs of disease progression along the direction of flow. When the temperature reaches 25 °C or more, the amount of rainfall and sooner or later determine the incidence of the disease sooner or later and degree of size. It usually occurs when it is rainy, rainy or rainy, and sudden changes occur in the soil temperature and humidity, or nematodes in the plot increase, resulting in serious damage when the roots are injured or rotted; Severe; sandy soil, thin soil layer, and poor water retention and fertilizer protection are more serious than loamy soil and loamy soil; continuous cropping plots are more serious than rotary cropping fields; acid soils are more serious than slightly alkaline soils; Blocks are serious. In addition, there is a significant difference in resistance between varieties.
Control methods
1. Agricultural control uses high-yield and disease-resistant varieties, and it is reasonable to rotate. There is a place where water is available, and the practice of dry and dry crop rotation is effective. Dry land can be used for 3 to 5 years of rotation with melons and grass crops to avoid continuous cropping with solanaceae, leguminous, sesame and Other crops. Peanuts in the drylands, for short-term irrigation before sowing, can cause a large number of deaths of the bacteria. The use of sorghum cultivation, appropriate sowing, reasonable close planting, to prevent the shading of the field and flood irrigation. Pay attention to prevent flooding and prevent flooding and water flow in the field.
The use of formula fertilization technology, Shizu base fertilizer, application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, early application of nitrogen fertilizer, promote steady long hair and peanuts. Basal fertilizer Mushi Sukang Organic soybean meal 80 kg, compound fertilizer 20 kg, urea 5 kg, superphosphate 30 kg, borax 2 kg. Lime can be applied to acidic soils to reduce soil acidity and reduce disease occurrence. The diseased plants found in the field should be immediately removed, brought out of the field and buried with lime. When the peanuts are harvested, the diseased plants and residues are promptly removed to reduce the source of the soil.
2. Chemical control Spray 72% of agricultural streptomycin or neomycin, 20% of copper thiazolyl, 20% of methazoline, kasugamycin, Bacillus polymyxa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, 3 % Cymomycin, metalaxyl + thiram, metalaxyl + hymexazol, YingTian No. 2 multifunctional biological agents or related compounded products of the above products. Spray every 7 to 10 days, and spray 2 to 3 times to control. It can also be used with 14% solution of ammonia, 300 times solution of copper, 50% of copper carboxylate, 500 times of copper wettable powder, 77% of copper hydroxide wettable powder, 600-800 times, 72% of agricultural streptomycin, wettable powder 4000. Doubling liquid to irrigate the roots. Each tube is irrigated with 250 ml of liquid, separated once every 10 days, and continuously filled 2 or 3 times.
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