Prevention of hop beetles
The beetle beetle belongs to the leaf armor family, and is a family of the Coleoptera leaf armor. Worldwide distribution. About 1400 species in China. Adults are 2-4 mm in length and are black beetles. There is a yellow curve in the center of the elytra, the middle is narrow and curved, and the hind leg section is inflated. It is a jumping foot. Therefore, it is called a yellow hop and a yellow hop. Also called dish dumplings, soil flea, yellow flea, dog locust. It mainly affects radishes, cabbages, cabbages, broccoli, mustard and other cruciferous families. It can also harm solanaceous fruit, melons, beans and grass crops. The adults of this worm suffer damage from eating leaves, and it is the most serious damage to the seedling stage in vegetable production. Adults and larvae can all be harmed. Adults mainly eat leaves, eat leafy meat, and bite the leaves into many small holes. After the newly emerged seedlings' cotyledons are eaten, the plants cannot continue to grow normally and even the whole plant dies. As a result, destroy the species. The larvae live in the soil, eat the root bark, and bite off the fibrous roots, causing the leaves on the ground to turn yellow and wilting, affecting the seedlings. Especially in the hot and dry season, the early stage of vegetable transplant is even more serious. In addition, adults and larvae also cause wounds and spread soft rot. Vegetables are mainly planted on the damage of buds and tender pods. Damage to vegetables occurs mainly in spring and autumn, and spring is more important than autumn. High-humidity plots are more important than low-moisture plots. The severity of this worm is also related to the continuous cropping of corn cultivars, with the most continuous cropping sites, followed by successive crops of cruciferous crops and lighter than non-cruciferous crop rotations. In addition, drylands continue to be heavier, and crop rotations are lighter. The yellow-flesh hopped fleas endangered cruciferous vegetables, and the more severe victims were cabbage, rapeseed, radish, mustard and cauliflower. There is a close relationship between the occurrence and harm of yellow stripe jumps and the vegetable cultivation system. The worm is a oligophagous pest and prefers cruciferous vegetables. Therefore, in cruciferous vegetable continuous cropping areas, due to its ready host plants at any time and sufficient food, it is suitable for mass reproduction and fleas. Second, the life habits and occurrence rules of the yellow song strips in 1 year occurred in Guangxi about 4-8 generations, and can breed all year round, no diapause phenomenon. When the temperature rises to 11°C in the spring from March to April, the animals start their activities. After the adult worms emerged, they first infested the cruciferous vegetables and other cruciferous vegetables that were overwinter. The adults are lively, have a strong ability to fly, have a phototaxis, and are good at jumping. And can fly near the wind, sooner or later and cloudy hiding, before and after a large number of activities. After 5 months, a large number of farms were raped, rapeseeds, radishes, and stubble plants. The larvae are 3rd instar and have a duration of 11 to 16 days. After the larvae have hatched, the roots of the stalks are rooted toward the main root and the depth of the inhabitants is: cabbage is 3 to 4 cm, radish is 4 to 5 cm, and the maximum depth is 12 cm. High temperature and high humidity are conducive to the occurrence of the pest, and the field performance overlaps in generations. The activity is generally the most abundant before and after noon. After the larvae hatch, the roots are taken in the soil, and the old mature larvae are housed in 3 to 7 cm below the soil. Adults lurking winter. Adults have phototaxis, are sensitive to black light, adult long life, an average of 50 days, up to a year. Spawning period is 1 - 1.5 months, egg period is 3 - 9 days, up to 15 days. , so the fields are mixed. As a result, pests have become irregular and overlapping in generations. The eggs are sparsely distributed in the wet soil or fine roots around the plants. About 3cm from the main root of the earth or attached to the fibrous roots, depth within 1cm. It is also possible to bite a hole in the base of the soil surface and spawn them. The fecundity of adults varies greatly, with an average of 200 eggs per female. Only 25 capsules in the 1st to 2nd generation, and 621 spawns per female in the overwintering generation. Therefore, it is more severe in the spring. Egg hatching requires higher humidity, larvae in the soil hatch, feed, development, phlegm, adult emergence of leaves harm. Adults in the deciduous, latent weeds or in the earth seam overwintering, in order to sunny majority, southern winter all states. Food intake above 20°C began to increase significantly. The developmental duration of eggs, larvae, and pupae is 3-4 days, 8-10 days, and 4-6 days, respectively. Third, the prevention and treatment of yellow song strips A method of prevention and treatment of yellow stripe jump should focus on the protection of seedlings, insecticide control is the key to the implementation of comprehensive management measures. 1, agricultural control. (1) Rotation of cruciferous vegetables and other vegetable crop rotations, and water (field) vegetables and dryland vegetable rotations can reduce victimization. (2) Clearing the insects in the garden to remove the fallen leaves of the vegetable garden, eradicate the weeds, eliminate the overwintering places and food plants, and reduce the insect source. (3) Deep sowing sun soil 7-10 days before sowing and cultivating the larvae, destroying the larval development environment, eliminating the overwintering insects and insects. (4) soil treatment before planting ploughing soil, and per acre with 3% phoxim granules 1.5 kg preparation medicine soil sprinkled or mixed with water after spraying 3-4 days after soil preparation. To kill the larvae in the soil. (5) No pests, etc. were selected for transplanting. (6) Seed treatment: Before seeding, the seed is treated with 5% Ruijinte seed dressing agent and seeds at the ratio of 1:20, and the seeds will be broadcast with the mix, which is convenient and effective. 2, the use of frequency vibration insecticidal lamp or black light trap. Using adult insects with phototaxis and sensitivity to black light, the use of frequency-vibration lamp or black light trap has a certain control effect. 3, use stickworm board trapping. The test results show that the armyworm board can significantly prevent yellow pests and other pests, avoid or reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and has good social and ecological benefits. 4, chemical control: early treatment at seedling stage, control of adults. After the seedlings were unearthed, they were investigated immediately. When the seedling damage rate was about 5%, the pesticides were promptly administered and the continuity was observed. The drug was used once every 7-10 days. (1) It was found that 80% trichlorfon soluble powder can be used for adults, or 1000 times each for 80% dichlorvos, 1000 times for 50% phoxim EC, 50% for marathon, or 5% for 5% rattan. Liquid, 50% Bataan soluble powder 50-100 grams per acre 50 liters of water, 2.5% deltamethrin EC, or 10% cypermethrin oil 1500-3000 times spray. Use 18% dimehypoxazole 400 times, 0.04% exterminator powder 1.5-2 kg per acre powder spray 1-2 times, or 2% Yilili 1000 times, 40% Losby 800-1000 times, 5 % stuck 1000-1500 times liquid spray. (2) When root larvae are found to be harmful or where pests are particularly severe, irrigating treatment (irrigation of the root application liquid 150-250 ml/plant) should be carried out. Trichlorfon (or dichlorvos) or phoxim ion can be used for root control. Can choose 50% phoxim EC 1000 times, or 10% imidacloprid WP 1000 times, or 25% quinoline EC 1000 times, can be effective for more than half a month. Can also be used 3% Milur, good year winter granules, evenly sprinkled on the ground near the root of the watering, or hole applied to the roots, can also achieve satisfactory control effect. (3) In other periods, it is possible to use 50% phoxim 1000 times, 48% LS 1000 times, 80% DDVP 1000 times, and 2.5% PepsiCo EC 1000-1500 times. Pay attention to medication time: medication should be grasped sooner or later, combined with drought, better. Pay attention to the spraying method: Because the adult insects of this insect are good in jumping, the field spraying should be sprayed spirally from the periphery of the field to prevent the adults from escaping the medicine. Fourth, the current problems in the prevention and treatment of the yellow song stripe jump: (1) The control of the yellow stripe jumps mainly rely on chemical control, and mostly to control the adult-based. (2) Foliar application can not take into account soil larvae, cockroaches and eggs. The effective period of pesticides is passed. Adults are constantly feathered out of the soil. Vegetable growers increase the frequency of spraying and increase the amount of pesticides, resulting in a decline in insecticide control efficiency. Seriously pollute the environment and reduce the quality of vegetables. In view of the above two points, the combination of the above ground and underground, the combination of foliar spraying and root-filling should be adopted in production to achieve the goal of complete pest control. (3) After the application of phoxim and other agents, it will more or less make the vegetables yellow, affect the appearance of vegetables, seriously affect the quality of vegetables, reduce the income of vegetable farmers. (4) More stringent requirements have been put forward for the chemical prevention and control of vegetable production from pollution-free vegetable production. It should cause the vegetable producer's attention.
Guangxi Liuzhou Xiurong Vegetable Ecological Park (transfer)
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