First, the biological characteristics of spines and frogs frogs, also known as Dendrobium, stone chickens, are amphibians, anura, frogs, frogs are. Likes to inhabit mountain streams, ravines and other cool, damp and quiet places. Love jumps before and after rain, can jump 80cm high, but jump after domestication is not high. The spine-breasted frog is flat, with a small head, wide mouth and baldness, and is very different from ordinary frogs. The big eyes protrude, and the light shines at night like night pearls. The forelegs are thick, the hind limbs are long and thick, and there are moles between the toes. There are several colors of the spiny-breasted frog, the most common being the tan. Adult frogs are generally 10 to 20cm in length, weighing 250 to 350g, and up to 500g in size. The growth temperature of spiny-breasted frog is 12-24°C, and the optimum temperature is 18-22°C. Others eat plankton, which is the main food-eating insect of frogs. Artificial breeding can feed quail, fly maggots and compound feeds. When the feed is insufficient, the big frog eats a small frog. When the temperature dropped below 10°C, the spiny-breasted frog began to hibernate between the bottom of the water or weeds in the water. When the temperature rises above 10°C, hibernation ends and feeding activity begins.
Second, the construction of the frog pool 1. Frog pool should be built in adequate water, cool water without pollution, flooding is not flooded, dry days, dry, cool, wet, quiet place. The trees are shaded by the pool and the fallen leaves can be hibernated by hibernation.
2. The frog pond frog pool is rectangular, surrounded by a wall, the wall height is about 1.5m, leaving a land between the pool and the wall. The ratio of water surface to land area is 1:2. The water area of ​​each frog pond pool is about 40m2, the pool depth is 0.5~1m, and the bottom of the pond is slightly inclined toward the outlet. Both ends of the pool are provided with inlets and outlets. The trees on the water's edge are shaded.
3. The area of ​​the young frog pool pool is only half of the frog pool, and the remaining requirements are the same as those of the adult frog pool.
3. The pond pool area is 10 to 15m2 and the pool depth is 0.5m. The walls of the tank and the bottom of the tank are leveled with cement, the bottom of the tank is slightly inclined, and the inlet and outlet of the tank are set. The slope of the pool should be gentle so as to facilitate the landing of the young frog after resting and metamorphosis.
Third, the spine and frog breeding 1. Selection of species of frog spiny-breasted frog after a year of breeding, to reach sexual maturity. Choose a weight of 250 ~ 400g, no injury and disease-free as a breeding frog. Natural breeding methods are generally used. The male to female ratio is 2:1. The female frog has a wide body shape, a short forelimb, and a smooth and smooth ventral surface. Male frogs are larger in size, with thicker forelimbs, stronger and stronger, with small black protrusions on the toes and on the chest. They have obvious feelings by hand and can distinguish male and female frogs.
2. Breeding spiny-breasted frogs began to lay eggs in the county from early May until the end of September. The period from late May to late June is rich, and the water temperature during spawning is 18-22°C. Sexually mature pro-frogs make courtship calls during the breeding season to attract each other. After touching, both pairs hold each other. The male frog is on the back of the female frog. After the female frogs spawn, the male frog quickly ejaculates on the egg. A spawning time varies with the amount of eggs laid, usually 10 to 20 minutes. The amount of eggs laid varies with the size of the female body, generally 2300 to 4000 capsules. The eggs of the spiny-breasted frog are round, the animal is extremely black, and the plant is extremely white. The egg diameter is 1.3-1.5mm, and there is a glial membrane outside the egg. After the egg is produced, the water absorption expands, which is 2 to 3 times of the original egg diameter. The membranes are connected to each other in a sheet-like shape and adhere to the walls of the frog pool. When the eggs were just produced, some of the animals were on top, and some of them were on the top. After being transposed, they were all animal poles. If there is still a plant, it is an unfertilized egg. The fertilization rate can generally reach more than 90%.
3. Incubation of frog eggs can not be hatched in the earthen pond to prevent embryos from dying after the frog eggs fall to the bottom of the pool. The hatching pond area should not be too large, generally 4 ~ 5m2. The pool is 80cm deep and the water level is controlled at 70cm. The oviposition density is about 1000 grains per square meter. The length of incubation time is slightly different depending on the temperature of the water and the weather. The hatching is faster when the weather is good, and slower if it is not. Generally 2 to 3 days can be hatched. The newly hatched cockroaches are small, tongue-shaped, and turn into small heads and tails after 3 to 5 days. The newly hatched quails are afraid of fierce oscillations and try to keep the incubation environment quiet. When the bait is sufficiently nutritious and the water temperature is between 19 and 21°C, the forefoot grows after about 40 days, and the metamorphosis is completed after more than 70 days.
Fourth, feeding and management of spine and frog frog 1. Feeding and management of quail èŒèšª individual small, weak physique, poor resistance to the external environment and predators, it is necessary to strengthen the intensive fine tube during the pupa stage, in order to help improve the survival rate. In the newly hatched quail, after 2 to 3 days, the yolk sac of the abdomen disappeared and feeding was started. Open bait can be cooked with egg yolk and soy milk, and feed 1 egg yolk per 4000 quail eggs, 2 times a day. Formula feed can be fed after 5 days. The amount of bait has gradually increased with the growth of crickets. When feeding, the bait can be sprinkled directly on the water surface. The pond puts water and other aquatic plants such as lotuses. The stocking density should be reasonable, and the amount of stocking should be reduced as the earthworm grows. Ten to ten days after hatching, turtles can store 800 to 1,000 fishes per square meter of water. After 15 days, they store 600 to 800 fishes per square meter of water. In the rearing stage, the patrol pool should be adhered to as soon as possible, and the predators such as wild frogs, water snakes, wild fish, and birds should be regularly removed, and new water should be added at any time to protect the crickets from growing safely. 2. Feeding and management of young frogs The breeding of frogs is completed after 70 days of metamorphosis, and they grow into limbs and become young frogs. From aquatic to amphibious, move into young frog ponds. The water depth of the young frog pool is 50-60cm, and 200-350 eggs are stocked on the water surface per square meter. Increase the live bait such as leeches, fly maggots, and red worms, and mix them with appropriate baits. Feed every morning and evening. It is also possible to install a moth-repelling lamp on the surface of the water and a wading moth at night. As the frog body grows, its jumping ability increases, and the stocking density gradually decreases, and it is continuously moved into the frog pool to raise.
3. Feeding and management of adult frogs into a frog pond Each metre of water on the frog pool is placed with about 20 frogs, water depth of 0.5 to 1 m, and water plants such as water lilies in the pond for habitat and spawning. Dig holes in the slopes and cover the pond surface for wintering. The pool is covered with grapes, sheds, and trees. Product frogs should give foot bait. It is necessary to remove the mud in the pool and the residual baits, clear the inlet and outlet, and maintain good water quality, cool and pollution-free. The spiny-breasted frog is a large frog that feeds mainly on animal diets. In the feeding process of frogs, if the bait is fresh and sufficient, the growth is fast, the feeding period is short, and the commodity rate is high. Therefore, in the breeding stage of frogs, it is necessary to ensure adequate feeding of fly maggots, cockroaches and insects. The amount of feeding varies depending on the season and the size of the frog. In the late spring, early summer and autumnal cool season, the frog's food intake is large, and the amount of feeding is generally 10% to 15% of the body weight. From mid-summer to early autumn, the amount of frog food is reduced and it is appropriate to cast less. Feeding live bait should be sized so that the frog can swallow it. Feed it once a day and feed it at 5-6 pm. The bait should be put on a fixed food table. The dining table can be made of wood. It is generally 1.5m long and 1m wide. It should be placed in the pool. The water depth should not exceed the food table. Disinfect the food table every half month. From the metamorphosis to the young frog, feeding 5 to 6 months, weighing up to 250 ~ 300g, feeding 8 to 10 months, the maximum weight up to 450 ~ 500g. Thorny chest frog 150g can be listed. Whether it is the Dianchi Lake, the young frog pool or the adult frog pool, it must be sterilized before the stocking, completely eliminate the enemy of the grasshopper, water snake, rat and so on. During the breeding process, we must adhere to disinfection once every half month to prevent diseases. Disinfectants include: quicklime, bleach, copper sulfate, etc. Choose one of the drugs Quanchiposa. 5. Diseases of spiny-breasted frogs and prevention and treatment of diseases and diseases of spiny-breasted frogs should be based on prevention, and diseased frogs should be promptly isolated and treated.
1. Parasitic diseases: parasites mainly parasitize the frog's digestive tract, muscles, and subcutaneous tissues.
Prevention: mainly pay attention to water quality and food hygiene, but also regularly add sulfa drugs, antibiotics, and furazolidone drugs to the food to drive off intestinal parasites and inhibit the growth of germs. The surface parasite can be disinfected with a soaking solution of 05 ppm of trichlorfon.
2. Red leg disease: The disease is also called sepsis, and it is the main disease in the stage of frog and adult frog. The etiology is mostly caused by infection with Aeromonas hydrophila after trauma. The diseased frog's abdomen and leg muscles are spotted with hyperemia, often bowing to the ground, moving slowly, not feeding, and it is an infectious disease.
Prevention: The disease should be mainly prevention, and often pay attention to the health of water and food, to minimize mechanical trauma. Lime Quanchiposa can be used to suppress the spread of germs in water bodies. The sick frog can be soaked with 3% saline or 20% sulfa drugs for 10 minutes. Or use sulfathiazole 3g, stir in 1kg bait feed.
3. Rotten skin frog: The disease is also known as peeling disease and vitamin deficiency syndrome. At the early stage of disease, the skin of the frog body loses its luster, the mucus decreases, the moisture content decreases, and a dry white pattern appears. Visual acuity decreased, and severe eyeballs formed white eyeballs. Prevention: The disease should be strengthened in feed control and nutrition. If the food is mainly insects, some vitamins A, B, C, etc. should be added to the food and treated with antibiotics or sulfa drugs.
4. Gastrointestinal diseases: diseased frogs start to inhabit indefinitely, climb east and west, swim slowly, like drilling mud. Later lying on the edge of the pool and the shallows, not afraid to disturb, soft and weak, body edema, capture it when contracting, stretching his legs and closing his eyes, the disease occurred in the 4 to 9 months, contagious.
Prevention: Persist in removing the residual bait on the food table every day, wash the food table, and disinfect regularly. In the onset season, Gentamicin is sprayed on a regular basis, and anti-inflammatory drugs can also be used to make baits.
5 steamed bread disease: the disease is caused by the infection of meningococcal septic fluoxosis, the bacteria directly damage the cranial nerves, causing neurological disorders, resulting in steamed bread. The diseased frog kept spinning in the water, turning its head to the left or right. Diseased frogs do not have a high mortality rate and food intake is reduced. If they are not dealt with in time, the infection is very fast.
Prevention: 50ml of formalin can be used to soak the tank for 24 hours, and the stocking density is properly controlled. The frog pond is periodically disinfected with potassium permanganate. Can be used monthly sulfa drugs 6 to 10 tablets mixed with 1 kg bait. Dispose of sick frogs in a timely manner.
6. The hibernation period of the spines and frogs of the spiny-breasted frog is generally from November to February of the following year. During the hibernation period, attention should be paid to the following points: 1. Control of the water level: Generally, the water depth of 1 to 1 to 2 m should be maintained to prevent sudden changes in the weather. Pool water temperature drastically changed.
2. The pool cover helps increase the water temperature.
1. The bottom of the pool should be thickened to facilitate hibernation. .
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