First, use fine varieties. Generally, there are about 150 eggs produced annually for the combined species, and 220 to 260 eggs are produced annually for egg species, and more than 300 varieties are selected. Therefore, in order to obtain high yields, we must choose good breeds such as Shaoxing Duck and Jinding Duck.
Second, optimize environmental conditions. 1, to ensure the appropriate temperature. Temperature can affect laying duck egg production, egg weight, egg shell thickness, and feed utilization. The optimum ambient temperature for laying ducks is 13-20°C. Duck rearing density is generally 7 / square meters, the ratio of male to female is 1:50 ~ 1:80. 2, do a good job of light management. The specific method of light production during the production of eggs is: about 18 square meters with 1 ç› 25W bulbs, the light bulb is about 2 meters away from the ground. Illumination time is gradually prolonged from 17 to 19 weeks of age, reaching 16 to 17 hours at 22 weeks of age. The extension of the illumination time is gradually increased, ie, it is increased by 15 to 20 minutes per day. The principle of light production during the production of eggs is: only gradually extend until 16-17 hours per day and night, can not be shortened; can not be ignored according to stop, suddenly morning and evening, suddenly strong and flickering, only gradually stronger. 3, to prevent scaring. Scared ducks, egg production will fall by 10% to 20%, and sometimes produce soft shell eggs. Therefore, we must strengthen the feeding and management on weekdays to keep the environment quiet. Non-feeding personnel should not enter the home without permission. Special attention should be paid to preventing animals such as dogs and cats from entering, so as not to fear the flock of ducks.
Third, feed nutrition should be comprehensive. 1. Energy: Energy comes from the three organic substances in feed: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Carbohydrates include starch, sugars, and crude fiber. Ducks have low digestibility of crude fiber and cannot be oversized in diets, which are typically 3% to 5% in duck and duck diets. 2. Protein: The crude protein content in laying duck diets is generally 18%. 3, minerals: dietary calcium content of ducks is generally 2.5% to 3.5%, phosphorus content is generally about 0.5%, calcium and phosphorus ratio is generally 4 to 6:1. Each kg of feed requires 60-80 mg of iron, 5-8 mg of copper, 50-60 mg of zinc, 30-60 mg of manganese, and 0.12-0.25 mg of selenium. 3, vitamins: per kilogram of feed requires vitamin A8000 ~ 10000 international units, vitamin D400 ~ 600 international units, vitamin E30 international units, vitamin B11 ~ 3 mg, vitamin B23 ~ 4 mg, nicotinic acid 35 ~ 60 mg, choline 800 ~ 1000 mg.
Fourth, do a good job of health and epidemic prevention. 1. Establish a sound sanitation system. Duck houses and sports grounds should be regularly cleaned and disinfected. The paddy straw should be burned and not reused after drying. The excrement and dirt should be accumulated and fermented. The swimming pool should constantly change the water and be regularly disinfected with quicklime to keep the transparency of the water 25-40 cm. 2, do a good job of disease prevention and prevention work o 1 immunization. The 1-day-old attenuated duck hepatitis virus vaccine was used to vaccinate the duck plague vaccine at 7-day-old, 25-day-old, and pre-opening. The sero-epidemic attenuated vaccine was dispensed with about 10 days of age. To prevent bird flu, the bird flu vaccine should also be given once every 20 days, 50 days, and before the start of production. 2 drug prevention. Antibiotics or other drugs are added to feeds and drinking water to prevent bacterial and parasitic diseases.
Fifth, the clever management throughout the year. 1. Spring: The climate is gradually warming and sunshine increases, which is extremely beneficial to egg production. At this point the feed should be adequate, nutrition should be comprehensive, and always have enough clean drinking water; appropriately increase the activities of ducks outside the home, more exposure to sunlight, according to the weather conditions determine the time of the ducks into the water; the other spring weather is changeable, should pay attention to cold and warm, good Cleanliness. 2, summer: should pay attention to cooling, morning and night can be used to kill or peroxy acetic acid with duck spray disinfection. Adjust diets, reduce energy levels appropriately, increase protein, nitrogen, phosphorus, and vitamin content, and add anti-heat stress medications such as supplements, sodium bicarbonate, and vitamin C. Concentrate feeding on cool mornings and evenings, and feed some tubers at noon. Melons and other cool feed, appropriate feed some onion and garlic to stimulate the appetite of ducks, pay attention to feed freshness. There is more rain in summer and ducks must prevent rain so as not to get sick. 3. Fall: The weather is variable and there is a large temperature difference between day and night. At this time, the daily operation and feeding environment should be kept as stable as possible to minimize the change of the microclimate within the home; appropriate artificial light should be added to properly increase the dietary nutrition level, especially the protein level; Before the fall of eggs in the late fall or artificial moulting, the ducklings should be dewormed once. The weight of levamisole hydrochloride 50 mg per kilogram of body weight can be used, repeated every 2 days or 30 mg per kg of body weight. 4, winter: low temperature, short sunshine time, at this time should pay attention to cold and warm, the temperature should be maintained at 5 °C or more in the middle of the night, the appropriate increase in breeding density; appropriate to increase the proportion of energy feed in the diet, feeding more than the spring and autumn Seasonal increase of 10%% ~ 15%, supplemental night food can increase the production of eggs about 10%%; supply warm water, add light; daily election when the warm water, before the water in the house slowly drive away 4 to 5 laps, when the temperature is too low Can not go into the water; usually pay attention to ventilation, clean and good.
Second, optimize environmental conditions. 1, to ensure the appropriate temperature. Temperature can affect laying duck egg production, egg weight, egg shell thickness, and feed utilization. The optimum ambient temperature for laying ducks is 13-20°C. Duck rearing density is generally 7 / square meters, the ratio of male to female is 1:50 ~ 1:80. 2, do a good job of light management. The specific method of light production during the production of eggs is: about 18 square meters with 1 ç› 25W bulbs, the light bulb is about 2 meters away from the ground. Illumination time is gradually prolonged from 17 to 19 weeks of age, reaching 16 to 17 hours at 22 weeks of age. The extension of the illumination time is gradually increased, ie, it is increased by 15 to 20 minutes per day. The principle of light production during the production of eggs is: only gradually extend until 16-17 hours per day and night, can not be shortened; can not be ignored according to stop, suddenly morning and evening, suddenly strong and flickering, only gradually stronger. 3, to prevent scaring. Scared ducks, egg production will fall by 10% to 20%, and sometimes produce soft shell eggs. Therefore, we must strengthen the feeding and management on weekdays to keep the environment quiet. Non-feeding personnel should not enter the home without permission. Special attention should be paid to preventing animals such as dogs and cats from entering, so as not to fear the flock of ducks.
Third, feed nutrition should be comprehensive. 1. Energy: Energy comes from the three organic substances in feed: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Carbohydrates include starch, sugars, and crude fiber. Ducks have low digestibility of crude fiber and cannot be oversized in diets, which are typically 3% to 5% in duck and duck diets. 2. Protein: The crude protein content in laying duck diets is generally 18%. 3, minerals: dietary calcium content of ducks is generally 2.5% to 3.5%, phosphorus content is generally about 0.5%, calcium and phosphorus ratio is generally 4 to 6:1. Each kg of feed requires 60-80 mg of iron, 5-8 mg of copper, 50-60 mg of zinc, 30-60 mg of manganese, and 0.12-0.25 mg of selenium. 3, vitamins: per kilogram of feed requires vitamin A8000 ~ 10000 international units, vitamin D400 ~ 600 international units, vitamin E30 international units, vitamin B11 ~ 3 mg, vitamin B23 ~ 4 mg, nicotinic acid 35 ~ 60 mg, choline 800 ~ 1000 mg.
Fourth, do a good job of health and epidemic prevention. 1. Establish a sound sanitation system. Duck houses and sports grounds should be regularly cleaned and disinfected. The paddy straw should be burned and not reused after drying. The excrement and dirt should be accumulated and fermented. The swimming pool should constantly change the water and be regularly disinfected with quicklime to keep the transparency of the water 25-40 cm. 2, do a good job of disease prevention and prevention work o 1 immunization. The 1-day-old attenuated duck hepatitis virus vaccine was used to vaccinate the duck plague vaccine at 7-day-old, 25-day-old, and pre-opening. The sero-epidemic attenuated vaccine was dispensed with about 10 days of age. To prevent bird flu, the bird flu vaccine should also be given once every 20 days, 50 days, and before the start of production. 2 drug prevention. Antibiotics or other drugs are added to feeds and drinking water to prevent bacterial and parasitic diseases.
Fifth, the clever management throughout the year. 1. Spring: The climate is gradually warming and sunshine increases, which is extremely beneficial to egg production. At this point the feed should be adequate, nutrition should be comprehensive, and always have enough clean drinking water; appropriately increase the activities of ducks outside the home, more exposure to sunlight, according to the weather conditions determine the time of the ducks into the water; the other spring weather is changeable, should pay attention to cold and warm, good Cleanliness. 2, summer: should pay attention to cooling, morning and night can be used to kill or peroxy acetic acid with duck spray disinfection. Adjust diets, reduce energy levels appropriately, increase protein, nitrogen, phosphorus, and vitamin content, and add anti-heat stress medications such as supplements, sodium bicarbonate, and vitamin C. Concentrate feeding on cool mornings and evenings, and feed some tubers at noon. Melons and other cool feed, appropriate feed some onion and garlic to stimulate the appetite of ducks, pay attention to feed freshness. There is more rain in summer and ducks must prevent rain so as not to get sick. 3. Fall: The weather is variable and there is a large temperature difference between day and night. At this time, the daily operation and feeding environment should be kept as stable as possible to minimize the change of the microclimate within the home; appropriate artificial light should be added to properly increase the dietary nutrition level, especially the protein level; Before the fall of eggs in the late fall or artificial moulting, the ducklings should be dewormed once. The weight of levamisole hydrochloride 50 mg per kilogram of body weight can be used, repeated every 2 days or 30 mg per kg of body weight. 4, winter: low temperature, short sunshine time, at this time should pay attention to cold and warm, the temperature should be maintained at 5 °C or more in the middle of the night, the appropriate increase in breeding density; appropriate to increase the proportion of energy feed in the diet, feeding more than the spring and autumn Seasonal increase of 10%% ~ 15%, supplemental night food can increase the production of eggs about 10%%; supply warm water, add light; daily election when the warm water, before the water in the house slowly drive away 4 to 5 laps, when the temperature is too low Can not go into the water; usually pay attention to ventilation, clean and good.
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