First, congenital reproductive disorders are mainly manifested as genital malformation, impeding the normal operation of sperm and eggs, hindering the combination of sperm and egg. Common genital malformations are mesentery and fallopian tube mesentery cysts, oviduct obstruction, lack of uterine horn, cervical atresia, double uterus, and double vagina. The above symptoms are all difficult to treat. Only in the breeding process of gilts is eliminated and the malformation gene is eliminated.
Second, functional reproductive disorders
1. Ovarian cysts are mainly characterized by irregular estrus, with young sows accounting for more than half. Treatment: Intramuscular injection of luteinizing hormone 200 ~ 500 micrograms, injection 1 to 4 times. The interval between treatment and estrus is 22 days, the estrus rate is generally 77.4%, and the conception rate can reach 70.2%.
2. Long-term corpus luteum does not have estrus for a long time, prostaglandins can be used to make the corpus luteum subside, and combined use with gonadal hormones is better. Treatment: First use prostaglandin 35 mg intramuscular injection, after 3 to 5 days after the genital swelling injection 1000 units of gonadal hormone, most of the heat within 3 to 4 days, breeding can be fetus.
3. Follicular developmental disorders include decreased follicular function, atrophy and sclerosis, and 69% of non-estrus sows are caused by disorders of follicular development. Treatment: Usable adenosine 200 ~ 1000 units intramuscular injection or use of chorionic gonadotropin 500 ~ 1000 units, every 1 to 2 days.
Third, nutritional reproductive disorders
1. Energy and protein High-energy feeds make sows fat, especially in the absence of exercise, resulting in obese infertility. If the supply of energy and protein is insufficient and the sow is lean, then the estrus period is delayed or not estrus. The follicles stop developing, ovulate quietly or form follicular cysts. Feeding sows every day one week before sowing, digestive energy of 12 megajoules per kilogram will give higher embryo survival.
2. Vitamins
The lack of VA will make it difficult for sows to suffer fetuses, abortions in the middle, weak babies, gestation, stillbirths, and deformed fetuses.
In the absence of VB1, the sow is often infertile with sexual dysfunction, abnormal estrus, and poor performance. In the absence of VB2, the lactation of the sow is reduced, and the piglets produced tend to form rugs. Sister estrus delays in the absence of VB6. In the absence of VB12, the sow’s lactation decreased, and her litter size was low, predisposing to pernicious anemia. In the absence of VB3, dyskinesia, goose, enteritis, reproduction, and lactation are impaired.
When the VD is lacking, the sow's lactation is decreased, the conception rate is reduced, and the postpartum delirium is easy to occur. The miscarriage results in abortion, stillbirth, and detachment of the uterus. The piglets are susceptible to rickets.
In the absence of VE, the genital tract epithelium is keratinized, sows are not susceptible to fetuses and abortion is easy. The boar disrupts the process of sperm formation. In severe cases, there is no sperm in the semen.
According to data reports, adding VA, VD, and VE to sow diets has good effects on improving reproduction rates, which can significantly shorten the time from weaning to estrus and increase the rate of conception.
Fourth, disease reproductive disorders
1. The main characteristics of parvoviruses depend on the stage at which the virus is infected. After the infection, the sow may re-epit, or neither heat nor litter, or only a few litters, or produce mummified fetuses. The only symptom is the death of the fetus during the second or third trimester, the fetal water is absorbed, and the sow's abdominal circumference is reduced. Other manifestations are infertility, miscarriage, stillbirth, death of newborn piglets, and fertility. After 70 days, the infection is normal and the piglets are poisonous.
2. Leptospirosis disease This disease can cause fetal death, miscarriage and reduce piglet survival. The incubation period of the disease is 12 weeks. In the first month of pregnancy, the fetus is generally not affected. The second month of infection causes fetal death and reabsorption, mummification, or miscarriage. The third month of infection caused miscarriage and weak birth.
3. Except for juvenile sows, Japanese encephalitis, other pigs were mostly subclinical after infection. The blood antibodies of the sows were high and the others were asymptomatic. The incidence of stillbirths and mummies in young sows is as high as 40%, and the mortality rate of neonatal piglets is 42%.
4. The immune system of atypical swine fever pigs is declining. Sows infected with swine fever virus often cause reproductive problems. 10 days of pregnancy infection, embryo death and absorption, sows have fewer calving heads or return. 10 to 50 days of pregnancy infection, more stillbirth. A week before the infection does not affect piglet survival, but it affects development. The gilts were immunized with the swine fever vaccine two weeks or one month prior to the start of the breeding period. Two doses of the gilts could prevent the occurrence of atypical swine fever.
5. Uterine infections Stomach and uterus examinations of sows revealed 40% to 45% carriers, the most common being E. coli and Staphylococcus. Uterus is brought in by boars (skin fluid, semen itself), or it may come from the vagina. Uterine carriers are the most harmful to newly-divided sows. In short, both infectious and non-communicable diseases can cause embryonic death or miscarriage if the sow’s body temperature rises.
6. The blue ear disease sows showed weight loss, anorexia, a slight increase in body temperature, ears, abdomen, blue breasts, miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth and weak infants. At the onset of the onset of illness, it is often characterized by weak adolescence. A long time later, mummy and stillbirths appear. Sows have no milk after delivery, and the highest piglet mortality rate can reach 100%. A small number of pigs showed blue-and-purple colors at the tip of the ear, nose, and extremities, tail tip, nipple, and perineum, hence the name blue-ear disease. This phenomenon was transient.
Second, functional reproductive disorders
1. Ovarian cysts are mainly characterized by irregular estrus, with young sows accounting for more than half. Treatment: Intramuscular injection of luteinizing hormone 200 ~ 500 micrograms, injection 1 to 4 times. The interval between treatment and estrus is 22 days, the estrus rate is generally 77.4%, and the conception rate can reach 70.2%.
2. Long-term corpus luteum does not have estrus for a long time, prostaglandins can be used to make the corpus luteum subside, and combined use with gonadal hormones is better. Treatment: First use prostaglandin 35 mg intramuscular injection, after 3 to 5 days after the genital swelling injection 1000 units of gonadal hormone, most of the heat within 3 to 4 days, breeding can be fetus.
3. Follicular developmental disorders include decreased follicular function, atrophy and sclerosis, and 69% of non-estrus sows are caused by disorders of follicular development. Treatment: Usable adenosine 200 ~ 1000 units intramuscular injection or use of chorionic gonadotropin 500 ~ 1000 units, every 1 to 2 days.
Third, nutritional reproductive disorders
1. Energy and protein High-energy feeds make sows fat, especially in the absence of exercise, resulting in obese infertility. If the supply of energy and protein is insufficient and the sow is lean, then the estrus period is delayed or not estrus. The follicles stop developing, ovulate quietly or form follicular cysts. Feeding sows every day one week before sowing, digestive energy of 12 megajoules per kilogram will give higher embryo survival.
2. Vitamins
The lack of VA will make it difficult for sows to suffer fetuses, abortions in the middle, weak babies, gestation, stillbirths, and deformed fetuses.
In the absence of VB1, the sow is often infertile with sexual dysfunction, abnormal estrus, and poor performance. In the absence of VB2, the lactation of the sow is reduced, and the piglets produced tend to form rugs. Sister estrus delays in the absence of VB6. In the absence of VB12, the sow’s lactation decreased, and her litter size was low, predisposing to pernicious anemia. In the absence of VB3, dyskinesia, goose, enteritis, reproduction, and lactation are impaired.
When the VD is lacking, the sow's lactation is decreased, the conception rate is reduced, and the postpartum delirium is easy to occur. The miscarriage results in abortion, stillbirth, and detachment of the uterus. The piglets are susceptible to rickets.
In the absence of VE, the genital tract epithelium is keratinized, sows are not susceptible to fetuses and abortion is easy. The boar disrupts the process of sperm formation. In severe cases, there is no sperm in the semen.
According to data reports, adding VA, VD, and VE to sow diets has good effects on improving reproduction rates, which can significantly shorten the time from weaning to estrus and increase the rate of conception.
Fourth, disease reproductive disorders
1. The main characteristics of parvoviruses depend on the stage at which the virus is infected. After the infection, the sow may re-epit, or neither heat nor litter, or only a few litters, or produce mummified fetuses. The only symptom is the death of the fetus during the second or third trimester, the fetal water is absorbed, and the sow's abdominal circumference is reduced. Other manifestations are infertility, miscarriage, stillbirth, death of newborn piglets, and fertility. After 70 days, the infection is normal and the piglets are poisonous.
2. Leptospirosis disease This disease can cause fetal death, miscarriage and reduce piglet survival. The incubation period of the disease is 12 weeks. In the first month of pregnancy, the fetus is generally not affected. The second month of infection causes fetal death and reabsorption, mummification, or miscarriage. The third month of infection caused miscarriage and weak birth.
3. Except for juvenile sows, Japanese encephalitis, other pigs were mostly subclinical after infection. The blood antibodies of the sows were high and the others were asymptomatic. The incidence of stillbirths and mummies in young sows is as high as 40%, and the mortality rate of neonatal piglets is 42%.
4. The immune system of atypical swine fever pigs is declining. Sows infected with swine fever virus often cause reproductive problems. 10 days of pregnancy infection, embryo death and absorption, sows have fewer calving heads or return. 10 to 50 days of pregnancy infection, more stillbirth. A week before the infection does not affect piglet survival, but it affects development. The gilts were immunized with the swine fever vaccine two weeks or one month prior to the start of the breeding period. Two doses of the gilts could prevent the occurrence of atypical swine fever.
5. Uterine infections Stomach and uterus examinations of sows revealed 40% to 45% carriers, the most common being E. coli and Staphylococcus. Uterus is brought in by boars (skin fluid, semen itself), or it may come from the vagina. Uterine carriers are the most harmful to newly-divided sows. In short, both infectious and non-communicable diseases can cause embryonic death or miscarriage if the sow’s body temperature rises.
6. The blue ear disease sows showed weight loss, anorexia, a slight increase in body temperature, ears, abdomen, blue breasts, miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth and weak infants. At the onset of the onset of illness, it is often characterized by weak adolescence. A long time later, mummy and stillbirths appear. Sows have no milk after delivery, and the highest piglet mortality rate can reach 100%. A small number of pigs showed blue-and-purple colors at the tip of the ear, nose, and extremities, tail tip, nipple, and perineum, hence the name blue-ear disease. This phenomenon was transient.
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