First, estrus time to grasp the main points:
The average weaning to estrus interval is 5 days. Ovulation usually occurs 24-48 hours after estrus. Sows ovulate at two-thirds of their entire estrous period. Insemination occurs in the fallopian tubes. The shorter the interval between ovulation and insemination, the better. It takes at least 2 hours for the sperm to reach the fallopian tube, which can take up to 8 hours. There are enough sperm in the uterus to survive for more than 24 hours, and some survive for several days. The best insemination time is 8 hours before ovulation. Two inseminations were performed 24 hours apart. Two inseminations are less than twice as effective if they are less than 24 hours apart. The two inseminations performed best at 12 and 36 hours after heat. The estrus examination was started 3 days after weaning. Two estrus checks are needed every day. Stress delays and weakens the estrus performance of the sow. The timing of estrus and the duration of estrus varies with the farm. Different sows have different estrus durations. There is no universally applicable best practice.
Second, artificial insemination operation points:
If using artificial insemination, also note that boar contact must be provided in order to detect estrus. Intermittent boar contact is much better than continuous boar contact. Boar contact is required during insemination. Nasal contact and body contact work best. Sows need uterine contractions to deliver sperm to the fallopian tubes. The sow's comprehensive contact with the visual, auditory, olfactory and tactile effects of the boar provides the best stimulation.
For farms with problems, it is necessary to know exactly the timing of the estrus and the duration of estrus in order to analyze the problems.
For naturally mated pig farms, the key is to ensure that boars are in good condition, full of energy, lean, robust, and well-shaped. The use of boars should be recorded (preferably twice a week, up to a maximum of three times) to avoid transitional use of a boar due to its good libido. For farms using artificial insemination technology, the key is the collection, processing and transportation of semen. Similarly, the correct storage, insemination, and hygiene of semen in the insemination field are also important. This is often not done enough. Using dead sperm to inseminate, no matter how good the operation is.
All of the above points apply to sows returning 21 days. It is not enough to rely on the boar that is kept with the sow, because the familiar boar does not stimulate the sow better than the “fresh†boar. 21-35 days after sow mating (depending on device) must be checked for pregnancy. There is evidence that sows that are empty for 21 days are only able to show their affection after being stimulated by boars and will remain estrus until the 28th day.
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