Pigs have thick skin under the skin and are difficult to dissipate heat. If the temperature in summer is too high, the appetite will be reduced, the weight gain will slow down or stagnate, and even heatstroke will die. Generally, the suitable temperature for piglet growth is 20-30 °C, the fattening pig requires 18-20 °C in the early stage, and 15-18 °C in the late fattening period. Therefore, in addition to newborn pigs, when the temperature reaches 30 °C or above, comprehensive measures should be taken to cool down and prevent heatstroke, so as not to adversely affect the normal growth of pigs. The following eight measures should be taken mainly.
1. Ventilation and ventilation: Ventilation is one of the important measures for the heat dissipation of pig houses. During the summer season, the front and rear doors and windows of the pig house should be open to promote air circulation. In the hot summer months when the temperature is hot, the inflated pig houses with poor ventilation should be equipped with fans or fans, and mechanical ventilation should be carried out to eliminate the heat and turbidity in the house to prevent heatstroke.
2, cooling and cooling: that is, spraying cold water on the pig house ground, pig body, roof and sports ground, which is one of the effective measures to cool down and heatstroke.
3, for adequate drinking water: summer pigs need a large amount of water, to ensure that pigs have sufficient clean drinking water. The water requirement of pigs varies greatly depending on body weight, temperature and feeding methods. In terms of weight, more than 100 kg of finishing pigs and breeding pigs need more than 20 kg of water per head per day. Generally, pigs drink about 2% of their body weight in summer. Drink water should be fresh and clean, it is best to use automatic drinking fountains.
4. Greening shade: There should be planned planting of trees around the pig house to create a cool environment with a cool temperature. Outside the house, you should take a pergola, plant some vines, let them climb on the top of the pig house, shade and cool down, and avoid direct sunlight to the pig house.
5, more feeding green: summer is the rich season of green and juicy feed, the weather is hot, the pig's appetite is poor, should feed more green and juicy feed, such as fresh clams, sweet potato, pumpkin, watermelon, beet leaves, etc. It not only has a heatstroke-proof effect, but also is easy to digest and has good nutrition. The green material can be chopped and fed, or mixed with the ingredients.
6. Increase nutrition: In summer, the feed intake of pigs is reduced due to excessive temperature. In order to ensure the normal growth and development of pigs, protein nutrition should be appropriately added in the feed, such as high-quality bean cake, legume grass powder, fish meal, etc. In the diet, the protein content should be 16% to 18%, and the finishing pig should reach 15% in the early stage and 12% in the later stage. At the same time, try to feed in the morning and evening when it is cool, preferably at night.
7. Build a bath: In a conditional pig farm, a bath should be added to the pig's playground in the summer for the pig to take a bath to benefit from heat dissipation. The bath can be made of masonry and cement. Generally, it can be 0.5 meters deep, and the side is 30 meters or less. It can be built into small steps to prevent the pig from slipping.
8. Do a good job of epidemic prevention: the summer temperature is high and the germs are fast-growing. For this reason, the pens should be cleaned daily, and the feces should be transported in time and fermented. The inside and outside of the pig house should be disinfected regularly, the four walls should be disinfected with 20% lime milk, and the ground should be disinfected and disinfected with 1% to 2% caustic soda. The drinking utensils should be disinfected with alkaline water or 0.1% benzalkonium chloride solution, and then rinsed with boiling water. The pigs newly transferred to fattening should be dewormed, and attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of diseases such as diarrhea, phlegm and eczema.
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