Corn production should adhere to the drought-resistance and harvest, implement the combination of prevention, avoidance and resistance, match the improved varieties with good techniques, integrate new technologies with traditional practical technologies, fully tap the potential of yield, and focus on solving the problem of balanced production between years and regions.
In the implementation of specific technologies for corn planting, the following seven aspects are mainly carried out:
First, grasp the standard restructuring, and early spring corn. In view of the problem of large fluctuations in corn production during the inter-annual corn production in the main producing areas of the hills in the province, the province has insisted on vigorously promoting the high-yield restructuring technology of corn-based dryland multi-cropping belts. At the beginning of Xiaochun, according to the modes of “double three zerosâ€, “double two five†and “double six zerosâ€, the belt-to-belt ratio was standardized, and empty lines were reserved for corn, providing a suitable early-stage gargle. Must be done after the wheat.
Second, grasp the seedling transplanting. The "321" seedling technology was implemented, that is, 3 two ureas, 3 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 30% of organic fertilizer were applied on the loam seedbed, and 2 seeds per fat group were planted and 1 mu of land was planted. Promote the seedling transplanting technique of single seedlings, and then dip the nest and then apply the base fertilizer. The traditional method of covering the soil after planting the corn is to apply deep water to the bottom of the ditch to promote the root system to develop in depth and play a role in drought resistance and lodging.
Third, grab the ground film and straw cover. Vigorously promote the full-coverage cultivation technology of mulch film, and actively demonstrate the semi-membrane cover rainwater-saving cultivation technology. The experiment showed that the half-film coverage increased by 17.6% compared with the bare-boil cultivation, which was 33% higher than the traditional bare-field live broadcast, 10% higher than the full-film cover, and 57.5 square meters of rainwater per acre, saving 55 yuan. The key point is: change the 80 cm wide film to cover the large ridge and double rows of corn for 50 cm. The corn is cultivated on the side of the membrane, and is equipped with "ditch base fertilizer, small ridges and double rows, and other rain cover membranes and membrane side plants. Key technologies such as seedlings and alternate water use.
Fourth, grasp the drought-resistant large ear-tolerant varieties and achieve reasonable close planting. In view of the actual production of corn in our province, it is necessary to strengthen the promotion of drought-tolerant and large-earth-tolerant varieties. At present, it should be based on Cheng 30, Cheng 27, Nongda 95, Dongdan 808, Chuandan 21, and Chuandan 14. In terms of density arrangement, the semi-compact type is planted with 3400-3600 plants, and the loose large-ear type is planted with 3000-3200 plants, which is 500-800 plants more than the current 2,200-2,600 plants.
Fifth, grasp the promotion of new technologies for water and fertilizer coupling. Take soil testing and formula fertilization, use fertilizer to adjust water, use water to promote fertilizer, and give full play to the synergy effect and incentive mechanism of water and fertilizer. The best management of 3 water, 3 fertilizer and fertilizer water with “1 bottom 2 chasing†is 50 square meters of water per key period, 14-18 kg of pure nitrogen, 30% of base fertilizer water, and nitrogen fertilizer at jointing stage. Moisture accounts for 20%, and booting is applied with 50% of nitrogen and water.
Sixth, comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases. According to the law of the occurrence of corn pests and diseases, comprehensive prevention measures based on prevention are adopted. In addition to the selection of disease-resistant varieties, Jinggangmycin can be used to control sheath blight, and aphids can be used to control aphids, methamidophos can be used to control underground pests, and thiophanate can be used to prevent black powder disease.
7. Grasp the cultivation technology of silage corn. Silage corn has the characteristics of strong adaptability, high yield, strong sowing date and high temperature resistance over summer. It is very suitable for the strong climatic conditions of our province. Adapting to the adjustment of animal husbandry structure and vigorously developing the needs of herbivorous livestock, the development of silage corn in our province undoubtedly has a unique climate and ecological advantages. It is necessary to vigorously promote the production technology of silage corn, such as high-yield varieties, suitable sowing, increased plant density, nitrogen and phosphorus, and timely harvesting.
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