The main diseases of melon cultivation in greenhouses are: melon wilt, epidemic disease, downy mildew, and powdery mildew, etc. The control methods are as follows: 1. Melon wilt disease Melon wilt is one of the serious diseases of melons, often resulting in the death of large melon field plants. It is a systemic disease that is invaded by soil (nutrient fluid) and invades the vascular bundles from the roots and roots. Symptoms: The typical symptom of the disease is wilting, and the entire growth period of melons can be affected. However, it is most severe when the vines reach the result stage. After sowing, it can cause rotten seedlings, and the cotyledon or whole-plant wilting occurs at the seedling stage, and the base of the stem becomes brown and shrinking, showing a cataplexy. The most common disease was flowering. In the fruit setting period, at the early stage of disease, the plants showed that the leaves gradually wilted from the base to the top, especially at noon, and recovered sooner or later. After several days, all the original plants were wilting and no longer returned to the normal state. Slightly curled up, the surface of the skin is rough, often with longitudinal cracks. When the diseased part is wet, the rhizomes are watery and rot. The surface often produces white or pink moldy material. Prevention and control: The cultivation and management should be strengthened, and the rotation should be used for rotation, the selection of disease-resistant varieties, rational irrigation as the center, and chemical control as the auxiliary comprehensive prevention and control. 1,1 Seeds should be cleared before sowing, 40% formaldehyde with shallow 150 times liquid soaking 30 minutes or seed weight of 0.2-0.3% of the enemy or pine carbendazim seed dressing. 1, 2 strengthen the cultivation and management, is strictly prohibited dip irrigation and string irrigation, a reasonable mix of fertilizers, can enhance plant disease resistance. 1, 3 chemical control: Before sowing serious disease can be applied to the soil, the ratio of medicine to soil 1:100, in the hole in the shop, cover and then cover the soil. The agent can use 50% carbendazim or 50% thiophanate-methyl; at the early stage of disease, when a sporadic diseased plant is found, it can be used to water the plant roots with benzoate, carbendazim or 500-1000 times dilution of the enemy. The strain is administered 200-250 milliliters, interval 7-10 days, a total of irrigation 2-3 times. 2, melon disease, melon disease, high temperature and high humidity, easy to disease, especially after the rain, the incidence of fast, aggressive, just a few days all died. Symptoms: At the beginning of the disease, the base of the stem was dark green water stains, and the diseased part gradually overflowed with soft rot. The disease was dark brown. The diseased part was wilted and soon the whole plant died. The vascular bundle of the diseased plant did not change color. Prevention: Prevention and control should be based on cultivation, supplemented by pharmaceutical control. To strengthen field management, plant growth and the early onset must be strictly controlled irrigation, do not water at high temperatures at noon, is strictly prohibited string irrigation, to prevent the accumulation of water in the field. Chemical control: When the disease is about to occur, use the agent to irrigate or spray, 75% chlorothalonil WP can be used 600 times each 0.25-0.5 kg per strain, every 7-10 days, continuous control 3-4 times . 3, melon downy mildew and vibrancy in the field of land susceptible to disease. Symptoms: Water-stained yellow spots appear on the leaves at the onset of the disease. After the sick class was expanded, it showed an irregular polygonal shape. Under wet conditions, the lesions on the back of the leaves had a gray moldy layer and the disease spread from the base of the plants upwards. Prevention: Disease resistant varieties should be selected to strengthen the protection of pharmaceuticals. Plant varieties with strong resistance to disease, strictly forbid the size of leaching, and maintain good ventilation between the plants. Chemical control: Downy mildew spreads rapidly through air flow, so it should be sprayed early in the disease to receive good control. Commonly used agents and concentrations are: 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times or 25% metalaxyl WP 800-1000 times, should pay attention to seedling stage easy to produce phytotoxicity. Spray once every 7-10 days. If downy mildew is mixed with powdery mildew at the same time, 25% metalaxyl plus 15% triadimefon may be used for 1500 times. The mixed preparation should be used now. 4. Symptoms of melon powdery mildew: The disease mainly infects leaves, petioles, stems and vines, and the victim is small. At the beginning of the disease, the foliar surface produces a white powdery mildew, which soon expands into a layer of white powder. Prevention and control: strengthen management and chemical prevention and control combined with chemical control: Grasp the early onset of early spraying, control the spread of the disease. Select 15% triadimefon WP 1000-1500 times or 20% Triadimefon EC 1500-2000 times, sprayed once every 15-20 days, the control effect is significant. Physical control: The use of 27% high-fat film emulsion 80-100 times liquid sprayed at the beginning of the disease, a layer of film on the surface of the leaf, can prevent the invasion of bacteria.
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