Sprinkler irrigation is a new irrigation technology. It has many advantages over surface irrigation. Therefore, it can be said that it is the ideal irrigation method at present and has a broad development prospect.
(1) Characteristics of sprinkler irrigation
a. Provincial water: Because sprinkler irrigation can control the amount and uniformity of water spray, avoid surface runoff and deep leakage losses, so that the water utilization rate is greatly improved, generally saving 3O to 50% of the amount of water than surface irrigation, saving water also means savings. Power to reduce irrigation costs.
b. Labor: Spray irrigation facilitates mechanization and automation, which can save labor. Since the abandonment of the water ditches in the fields not only facilitated mechanical operations, but also greatly reduced the amount of labor. Sprinkler irrigation can also be combined with chemical fertilizers and pesticides, but also can save a lot of labor, according to statistics, the amount of labor required for irrigation is only 1/5 of surface irrigation.
c. Improve land use efficiency: When using sprinkler irrigation, there is no need for irrigation trenches and rafts in the field, which can make full use of cultivated land and increase land utilization ratio compared with surface irrigation. Generally, it can increase the cultivated area by 7 to 10%.
d. Increased production: Sprinkler irrigation facilitates the strict control of soil moisture and maintains soil moisture at the optimum range for crop growth. In addition, the dust on the stems and leaves of the plants can be washed out during the sprinkling, which is beneficial to plant respiration and photosynthesis. In addition, sprinkling irrigation does not produce damage such as erosion of the soil, so as to maintain the granule structure of the soil, so that the soil is loose and porous, and the ventilation is good, so it is beneficial to increase production, especially the effect of increasing the yield of vegetables.
e. Adaptability: Sprinkler irrigation is adaptable to various terrains and does not require the leveling of land as in surface irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation can be performed on sloping fields and undulating ground. Especially in sandy soils with a thin soil layer and strong water permeability, it is very suitable for sprinkler irrigation. In addition, sprinkler irrigation not only adapts to all field crops, but also provides good economic effects for various economic crops, vegetables, and pastures. Sprinkler irrigation has many advantages, but it also has disadvantages. The main reason is that the investment cost is large, and the current situation is that the mobile irrigation system is the cheapest, and the investment for the mu also needs 20-50 yuan/mu. In addition, it is affected by wind speed and climate. When the wind speed is greater than 5.5 m/s (equivalent to a class 4 wind), it can blow off raindrops and reduce the uniformity of sprinkler irrigation. It is not suitable for sprinkler irrigation. Second, when the climate is very dry, the evaporation loss increases and the effect is also reduced.
(1) Characteristics of sprinkler irrigation
a. Provincial water: Because sprinkler irrigation can control the amount and uniformity of water spray, avoid surface runoff and deep leakage losses, so that the water utilization rate is greatly improved, generally saving 3O to 50% of the amount of water than surface irrigation, saving water also means savings. Power to reduce irrigation costs.
b. Labor: Spray irrigation facilitates mechanization and automation, which can save labor. Since the abandonment of the water ditches in the fields not only facilitated mechanical operations, but also greatly reduced the amount of labor. Sprinkler irrigation can also be combined with chemical fertilizers and pesticides, but also can save a lot of labor, according to statistics, the amount of labor required for irrigation is only 1/5 of surface irrigation.
c. Improve land use efficiency: When using sprinkler irrigation, there is no need for irrigation trenches and rafts in the field, which can make full use of cultivated land and increase land utilization ratio compared with surface irrigation. Generally, it can increase the cultivated area by 7 to 10%.
d. Increased production: Sprinkler irrigation facilitates the strict control of soil moisture and maintains soil moisture at the optimum range for crop growth. In addition, the dust on the stems and leaves of the plants can be washed out during the sprinkling, which is beneficial to plant respiration and photosynthesis. In addition, sprinkling irrigation does not produce damage such as erosion of the soil, so as to maintain the granule structure of the soil, so that the soil is loose and porous, and the ventilation is good, so it is beneficial to increase production, especially the effect of increasing the yield of vegetables.
e. Adaptability: Sprinkler irrigation is adaptable to various terrains and does not require the leveling of land as in surface irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation can be performed on sloping fields and undulating ground. Especially in sandy soils with a thin soil layer and strong water permeability, it is very suitable for sprinkler irrigation. In addition, sprinkler irrigation not only adapts to all field crops, but also provides good economic effects for various economic crops, vegetables, and pastures. Sprinkler irrigation has many advantages, but it also has disadvantages. The main reason is that the investment cost is large, and the current situation is that the mobile irrigation system is the cheapest, and the investment for the mu also needs 20-50 yuan/mu. In addition, it is affected by wind speed and climate. When the wind speed is greater than 5.5 m/s (equivalent to a class 4 wind), it can blow off raindrops and reduce the uniformity of sprinkler irrigation. It is not suitable for sprinkler irrigation. Second, when the climate is very dry, the evaporation loss increases and the effect is also reduced.
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