Watermelon Efficient Cultivation Techniques Features: Spring watermelons are planted from the end of February to mid-March, autumn peppers are transplanted from the end of July to the beginning of August, and watermelons can be harvested for 2 茬. Autumn green peppers can be cleaned before and after the Spring Festival. Loose, large room for maneuver; a dual-use, spring watermelon harvest after the greenhouse scaffolding can be removed without having; a fat dual-use, watermelon in the spring greenhouse is fat, watermelon can be used after planting autumn green pepper with less base fertilizer; market demand is large, There is no risk of unsalable sales.
1. Cultivation points
(1) Early spring cultivation of watermelon
1 selected species
Spring Greenhouse watermelon is mainly selected from authentic channels such as '8424', 'America 4k', 'Jinxin 2', 'Early Spring Red Jade', 'Xiaolan', 'Chenbit' and other original or hybrid generations. The purity must be above 95%. .
2 appropriate sowing
Sowing from the end of January to the beginning of February. Seed drying before sowing 1 - 2 days, disinfection. In greenhouses, electric hotbeds are used to raise seedlings. The temperature of seedbeds is maintained at 12-30°C to prevent high temperatures from forming tall seedlings after emergence. In mid-March, the seedling age is 30 to 40 days when planting. The implementation of plug-light light matrix electric heating seedlings (factory seedlings) to start sowing in the middle and late January, to ensure that the beginning of planting in late February, the colonization of leaf age in the 2 leaves 1 heart, seedling age of more than 20 days.
3 reasonable close planting
Mechanical cultivation of small high ridges, ridge height 20-30 centimeters, ridge width 60 centimeters or so, ridge width 35-40 centimeters, flat mulch film width (can be cut into 2) 80 centimeters, mulching ridges under the ridge Side cloth drip irrigation pipe (distance from the planting ditch 5 - 10 cm). Per acre planting density to grasp the 'early spring red jade' and other small fruit type melon in about 1000, 'Jinxin 2' and other larger fruit types in 800 or so. Two double sheds + middle sheds + small sheds were used to cover the five membranes, namely, the surface was covered with a plastic film, and a small arch shed and double sheds were used. During the day, the shelf temperature is maintained at 25-32°C and 15-18°C at night.
4 Scientific Operations
Reapply basal fertilizer, fertilize chicken manure 2500 kg per mu, 50 kg of special fertilizer for watermelon for full-fertilization. Early application of swelling manure fertilizer, 7-10 days before pollination, per acre of DAP 12-17 kg, urea 20-23 kg, potassium sulfate 8-10 kg. After the melon seedlings see swelling big fertilizer. Before sitting in the melon, keep the soil moisture. When the young melon grows to a large egg, keep the soil moist, lightly pour when there is water shortage, and avoid flooding. During the expansion period, the water supply is guaranteed and the surface is kept dry. Take the first 10 days of appropriate water control to prevent cracking.
5 fine pruning pollination
3 vine or 4 vine fine pruning. 3 vine pruning leaves 2 melons per plant, 4 vine pruning leaves 3 melons per plant, all left 1 supporting vine without vines. You can also use the melon pruning method, in the melon seedling 4 leaf stage to the top, so that 4 vines grow in different directions.
6 disease prevention and pest control
Dongtai watermelon was sprayed with 50% quick-lying WP 1000-1500 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 at the beginning of the disease, especially when it was in continuous cloudy and rainy weather in late April. ——1000 times liquid, or 50% carbendazim ultrafine powder 500 times, spraying 50 kg of liquid medicine per acre, spraying once every 7 days, and even preventing 3-4 times. When there is continuous rain, 45% of chlorothalonil or 15% of procymidone should be used for fumigation per acre to prevent Sclerotinia, gray mold and disease, and prevent rotten melons and rotten vines. Once the locusts and whiteflies were found to be harmful, 70% of the precious water-dispersible granules were used 4000 times and 0.5% were used to kill the larvae. When there is continuous rain, it can also be fumigated with 250 g of Isoproviral Smoke Agent per acre.
7 timely harvest
Dongtai watermelon spring cultivation generally first batch of melons mature 32-35 days after pollination, 2 batches of melon mature 25-28 days after pollination. After the watermelons are harvested, they are graded and posted on the “Dongtai†trademark, bagging, and packaging.
2. Precautions
(1) Product quality requirements
Watermelon should mark and observe the melon color, melon stalk and leaf growth characteristics according to the date of pollination, sampling the cut melon, determine the maturity, watermelon to achieve commodity maturity; and have the characteristics of this variety, fruit shape is normal, normal development, no deformity melon. Skin color is normal, texture is clear, skin is smooth, hair disappears. Green pepper note medication interval, that is generally 1 week before listing can not use the drug, the product should be based on the supermarket fresh vegetables timely transport cold chain requirements to do a good job washing packaging labeling.
(2) Sowing time and connection
Watermelon must be raised in advance in spring from mid-January to mid-January in the spring; autumn peppers should be planted in late June and transplanted at the latest by the beginning of August, so that early yields of green peppers are high and there are fewer deadlocked fruits. To fill the fall and winter light; watermelon is also a good yield and high efficiency, otherwise the yield will be affected.
(3) Pay attention to rational use of fertilizer
Attention should be paid to the promotion of commercial organic fertilizers and biofertilizers such as base fertilizers to replace traditional farmyard fertilizers and actively prevent and control environmental pollution and continuous cropping obstacles.
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