As the world’s population continues to increase, the lack of food, especially humans, is increasingly becoming a crisis that hinders human development. Increased human demand for meat has led to an expansion of breeding and hunting, which will increase environmental and ecological crises. Scientists said that with the continuous advancement of cell biology, it is expected that various types of artificial meat will be produced on demand in the factory to alleviate the pressure of survival caused by the meat crisis for humans and other animals. At present, significant progress has been made in the research of some artificial meats, and it has also caused a lot of controversy.
United States: Myoblast somatic scientists have long discovered that there is a myoblast in animals that lives in skeletal muscle tissue and is a precursor cell that rebuilds muscle tissue after trauma. Mironov, a researcher at the University of Southern California Medical School, found that extracting myoblasts from animals can be used to make artificial meat. He has been conducting this research for more than 10 years, and achieved breakthroughs in early 2011.
Mironov extracted myoblasts from turkeys and soaked them in bovine serum. The nutrient solution was placed on a scaffold made of chitin. As a result, these myoblasts grew into turkey. However, at present, the turkey he cultivates is relatively dry and does not have the juicy flesh of natural turkey. Some researchers suggest adding fat. Other scientists have suggested adding vascular tissue so that internal cells can also absorb oxygen, helping to grow a better-feeling piece of meat rather than a dry lean meat strip.
Researchers say that artificial meat is good for human health. First of all, it is possible to control the nutrients in the artificial meat, and in the production process, Omega 3, which is a fatty acid that causes high cholesterol, can be replaced with a healthy fat omega 3 . Second, it can reduce the pollution of the human environment caused by keeping poultry. NASA is also interested in the study of artificial meat because artificial meat is expected to provide fresh meat for astronauts to explore in space in the future.
Netherlands: Stem Cell Meat Making According to Dutch scientists, the global population will increase rapidly in the next few decades. At that time, there will not be enough domestic animals to meet everyone's demand for meat. Therefore, the future needs to build some artificial meat factories to meet people's needs. These artificial meats are not synthesized with plant proteins or animal fats, but are actually “growth†pieces of meat.
In animal cells, there is a stem cell that has the ability to divide, and it can grow a variety of tissues, organs, and finally can form animal body. Currently, researchers are extracting adult stem cells from cattle, controlled by appropriate laboratory conditions, and adding appropriate amounts of nutrient solution to grow these stem cells into beef and make beef hamburgers. Mark Post, a researcher at the Utrecht University in the Netherlands, claimed that the bovine adult stem cells have a strong ability to divide. If properly conditioned and well-fed, 10 cattle's adult stem cells can produce 50,000 tons of beef within 2 months.
However, some researchers have said that the current experiment has just begun, and the ability to control stem cells is still relatively weak. It is still difficult to say whether or not it can produce savory beef. In fact, the Dutch researchers did not succeed in a pork-breeding experiment in 2009, when the researchers did use the adult stem cells of pigs to produce several pieces of so-called pork, but after cooking, they did not have porky taste. It was like a gun. The taste of squid.
Artificial meat has caused controversy The research on artificial meat in many countries has triggered heated discussions among scientists, politicians and ordinary people. Everyone first questions whether it is necessary to conduct research on artificial meat. Researchers say that artificial meat is a precautionary study because as the population continues to increase, the global population will reach 9 billion by 2050, and meat consumption demand will double. However, the scale of future farming obviously cannot meet the requirement of all people to eat meat. A study by the University of Oxford in the UK found that artificial meat can reduce global warming, because artificial meat will reduce energy consumption by 35% to 60%, use less 98% of land, and produce less than 80% of greenhouses gas.
Others question the taste and health of artificial meat. Researchers said that some of the artificial meats that have appeared so far have poor taste, but this is only the initial stage of the experiment. It is believed that with the continuous improvement of experimental conditions, artificial meat will reach the taste of natural animal meat, and may even exceed it. Since artificial meat is produced in factories with strict hygienic conditions, it is easier to control microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. Eating artificial meat does not cause food safety problems at least. The potential risk of contamination from nutrient solutions for the cultivation of artificial meat requires further evaluation in the future.
Some people think that Japanese researchers' "feces and flesh" exceed people's psychological bottom line. Many people find it difficult to accept from a psychological point of view. No matter how clean the meat is handled, it is difficult for people to accept the meat extracted from the feces. When the meat is eaten, it is thought that the source is feces, and many people may feel sick and vomit. However, the researchers objected that many vegetables are also poured out of the feces, people will not be nausea and vomiting.
In addition, some people questioned the ethical issues that artificial meat may cause. Since stem cells or myoblasts can be used to produce artificial meat, there may be illegal production of commercial human cells to produce human meat to meet the needs of some perverted people. There may also be the production of artificial meat by cells that produce endangered animals, which may further jeopardize the survival of endangered animals. Researchers said that once the artificial meat technology is mature and available, the government will inevitably introduce relevant policies and regulations to restrict the relevant production and sales. Optimistically, artificial meat can protect the ecological environment, not the other way around.
United States: Myoblast somatic scientists have long discovered that there is a myoblast in animals that lives in skeletal muscle tissue and is a precursor cell that rebuilds muscle tissue after trauma. Mironov, a researcher at the University of Southern California Medical School, found that extracting myoblasts from animals can be used to make artificial meat. He has been conducting this research for more than 10 years, and achieved breakthroughs in early 2011.
Mironov extracted myoblasts from turkeys and soaked them in bovine serum. The nutrient solution was placed on a scaffold made of chitin. As a result, these myoblasts grew into turkey. However, at present, the turkey he cultivates is relatively dry and does not have the juicy flesh of natural turkey. Some researchers suggest adding fat. Other scientists have suggested adding vascular tissue so that internal cells can also absorb oxygen, helping to grow a better-feeling piece of meat rather than a dry lean meat strip.
Researchers say that artificial meat is good for human health. First of all, it is possible to control the nutrients in the artificial meat, and in the production process, Omega 3, which is a fatty acid that causes high cholesterol, can be replaced with a healthy fat omega 3 . Second, it can reduce the pollution of the human environment caused by keeping poultry. NASA is also interested in the study of artificial meat because artificial meat is expected to provide fresh meat for astronauts to explore in space in the future.
Netherlands: Stem Cell Meat Making According to Dutch scientists, the global population will increase rapidly in the next few decades. At that time, there will not be enough domestic animals to meet everyone's demand for meat. Therefore, the future needs to build some artificial meat factories to meet people's needs. These artificial meats are not synthesized with plant proteins or animal fats, but are actually “growth†pieces of meat.
In animal cells, there is a stem cell that has the ability to divide, and it can grow a variety of tissues, organs, and finally can form animal body. Currently, researchers are extracting adult stem cells from cattle, controlled by appropriate laboratory conditions, and adding appropriate amounts of nutrient solution to grow these stem cells into beef and make beef hamburgers. Mark Post, a researcher at the Utrecht University in the Netherlands, claimed that the bovine adult stem cells have a strong ability to divide. If properly conditioned and well-fed, 10 cattle's adult stem cells can produce 50,000 tons of beef within 2 months.
However, some researchers have said that the current experiment has just begun, and the ability to control stem cells is still relatively weak. It is still difficult to say whether or not it can produce savory beef. In fact, the Dutch researchers did not succeed in a pork-breeding experiment in 2009, when the researchers did use the adult stem cells of pigs to produce several pieces of so-called pork, but after cooking, they did not have porky taste. It was like a gun. The taste of squid.
Artificial meat has caused controversy The research on artificial meat in many countries has triggered heated discussions among scientists, politicians and ordinary people. Everyone first questions whether it is necessary to conduct research on artificial meat. Researchers say that artificial meat is a precautionary study because as the population continues to increase, the global population will reach 9 billion by 2050, and meat consumption demand will double. However, the scale of future farming obviously cannot meet the requirement of all people to eat meat. A study by the University of Oxford in the UK found that artificial meat can reduce global warming, because artificial meat will reduce energy consumption by 35% to 60%, use less 98% of land, and produce less than 80% of greenhouses gas.
Others question the taste and health of artificial meat. Researchers said that some of the artificial meats that have appeared so far have poor taste, but this is only the initial stage of the experiment. It is believed that with the continuous improvement of experimental conditions, artificial meat will reach the taste of natural animal meat, and may even exceed it. Since artificial meat is produced in factories with strict hygienic conditions, it is easier to control microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. Eating artificial meat does not cause food safety problems at least. The potential risk of contamination from nutrient solutions for the cultivation of artificial meat requires further evaluation in the future.
Some people think that Japanese researchers' "feces and flesh" exceed people's psychological bottom line. Many people find it difficult to accept from a psychological point of view. No matter how clean the meat is handled, it is difficult for people to accept the meat extracted from the feces. When the meat is eaten, it is thought that the source is feces, and many people may feel sick and vomit. However, the researchers objected that many vegetables are also poured out of the feces, people will not be nausea and vomiting.
In addition, some people questioned the ethical issues that artificial meat may cause. Since stem cells or myoblasts can be used to produce artificial meat, there may be illegal production of commercial human cells to produce human meat to meet the needs of some perverted people. There may also be the production of artificial meat by cells that produce endangered animals, which may further jeopardize the survival of endangered animals. Researchers said that once the artificial meat technology is mature and available, the government will inevitably introduce relevant policies and regulations to restrict the relevant production and sales. Optimistically, artificial meat can protect the ecological environment, not the other way around.
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