Peanut fruit ripening period can also be called the later period of fertility, which means that half of the plants have full pods until the majority of pods become full, that is, a period of mature harvest. Spring peanuts in Shandong in early August to mid-September, summer live peanuts in late August to early October. The growth and development characteristics of peanuts in their full-fruit ripening stage are characterized by the growth of stems and other vegetative species peaking and beginning to decline, the yellow leaves of the middle and lower leaves falling off; the aging absorption capacity of the roots is weakened, the root nodules nitrogen fixation and nitrogen supply capacity are reduced; the reproductive focus shifts to the reproductive body, stem Nutrients accumulating in the leaves largely run into the pods, and the pods are quickly enriched; the total number of effective needles and pods is little or no longer, the number of full pods and fruit weight increase rapidly, and the increased fruit weight in this period can generally account for the total More than 60% of the weight is an important period for economic output. The main task of field management is to slow down the rate of yellowing and yellowing of leaves, delay leaf-letting time, maintain large green leaf area and maintain longer functional time; enhance photosynthetic intensity, increase photosynthetic efficiency, and increase nutrient accumulation; promote stem and leaf The nutrients run inside the pods to increase the rate of operation, speed up the pod filling, form economic output as soon as possible, control the main pests and diseases, and reduce the number of losses. The main measures for field management are:
First, foliar spray fertilizer into the full fruit ripening period, due to aging roots, reduced absorption capacity and nodules nitrogen and nitrogen supply capacity weakened, often due to deferrification caused by early leaves. The absorption ability of the leaf surface in the later stage of peanut is enhanced, and timely multiple spraying of fertilizer can effectively supplement nutrients and postpone defoliation. It has many advantages such as rapid action, high absorption and utilization rate, low investment, and large profit. The type of spray fertilizer is easy to use foliar fertilizers containing more phosphorus and calcium, such as Taiwan's Jiataifeng.
Second, the spray regulator did not spray regulator or spraying regulator has no obvious role in the field, to make up a spray 800-1200 times "strong full security" (be careful not to spray on the ground), can make the blade thicker, The color of leaves becomes thicker, the time for leaf deposition is delayed, and the expansion and enrichment of the pods are accelerated, and the drought resistance and the resistance to turmoil are enhanced. Paclobutrazol and modulators containing this ingredient are susceptible to premature aging.
Third, spray fungicide leaf spot disease, especially net spot disease and brown spot disease is one of the main causes of early defoliation of peanuts. Once it occurs, it spreads quickly and often leaves a large number of leaves within a few days, resulting in reduced production. Combined with foliar spray fertilizer, adding broad-spectrum fungicide such as “Manson Manganese Zinc†or “Methrabutin†can greatly reduce hazards and postpone defoliation. The bactericides containing carbendazim and carbendazim as main components are not effective, and it is easy to induce late rust.
4. The main pests that injure insecticides in late stage are peanuts, bridge insects and other leaf-feeding pests and leafhoppers (red spiders). The former are prone to damage under high temperature, high rainfall and high humidity conditions, and the latter are dry in the climate. Occurrence under conditions, should pay attention to inspection, in the young stage and spotting when spray insecticide and acaricide control. For underground pests such as cockroaches, wireworms, and maternal ants etc., based on previous prevention and control results, if there are still larvae or other harmful traits in the soil layer, apply a rapid extermination of insecticide to the pier. In the near future, the amount of defecation and the damage of the upper-middle leaves of the adult crickets in the peanut field are estimated. It is expected that the larvae will be heavier and should be strengthened.
V. Drainage Flood control Floods are more in the later period. Excessive water in the ground and over-water in the soil cultivation layer are also one of the causes of premature defoliation. Severe persons may also cause rotten fruit loss. Timely exclusion of field water and arable layer diving .
Sixth, timely harvest When most of the leaves fall off, the top leaves turn yellow, stems turn yellow and soft, most of the pods become full and full, we must seize the harvest. The loss of fruit was late, picking up was difficult, production was reduced, and quality deteriorated.
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