December 7 is a “big snowfall.†Heavy snow means that the weather is colder and snowfall is more likely. As the saying goes, “Swiss Snow Megan Years†covers the earth with harsh winter snow, keeping the temperature of the ground and overwintering crops below a very low level, creating a smooth wintering environment for wintering crops. When the snow melts, the snow penetrates into the soil and can be used to grow the crop during the spring drought season. The content of nitrides in snow water is higher than that of ordinary rainwater, which has a certain nutritional effect. Therefore, the heavy snowfall in the snow, the snow will predict the harvest in the coming year, the farmer's cloud "This year's McGovern three-bed was, in the coming year, sleeping with a baboon" and so on.
During the heavy snow season, the average temperature in the northeast and northwest regions fell below -10°C. In the Yellow River Basin and North China, the temperature stabilized below 0°C, where the winter wheat stopped growing. Winter wheat and rapeseed were still growing in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Slow growth, in order to lay a good foundation for their safe winter and spring, can be appropriate application of wax fertilizer. During the heavy snow season, although the field crops and open-air vegetables are in winter, the vegetable production in greenhouses is still in a busy season. As greenhouse vegetables are an intensive production method with high yield and high efficiency, they have high input and fertilization. Experts believe that in order to promote the robust growth of vegetables, it is reasonable to apply more fertilizer in greenhouse vegetable production than in open field vegetables because of objective factors such as insufficient lighting conditions and low temperatures in greenhouse vegetables. However, the current status is that the amount of fertilizer is generally too large, and the ratio of nutrients also tends to be imbalanced, such as diazotization, phosphorous, light potassium, calcium, and boron. This kind of blind fertilization caused some secondary problems of secondary salinization in greenhouse soil, which not only affected the normal growth, yield and quality of vegetables, but also shortened the useful life of greenhouses.
Therefore, in greenhouse vegetable fertilization, first, pay attention to appropriate fertilization and balanced fertilization, save fertilizer costs, and control the excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers to ensure the high yield, high quality, high efficiency and sustainability of vegetable production.
Second, it is necessary to cooperate with irrigation and fertilization. The irrigation of greenhouses is a small number of times. If large-water irrigation is used, it will inevitably carry a large amount of fertilization. Irrigation water will take away the fertilizers applied and the nutrients such as calcium and magnesium in the surface soil, substitution ammonium, etc., which will accelerate the greenhouse. Soil acidification and compaction.
Third, fertilization is often used for top dressing of greenhouse vegetables. Fertilization can achieve the combination of water and fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency. However, to master the fertilizers used for fertilization must be fully water-soluble, nutrient types should be dominated by nitrogen and potassium, phosphorus less red; in order to prevent vegetable salt stress, try not to use ammonium chloride, potassium chloride. At the same time, we must also control the amount of fertilization each time. Taking nitrogen fertilizer as an example, the amount of pure nitrogen should be 3-5 kg/mu, preferably not more than 5 kg. In the flushing technique, it is required that the amount of water and fertilizer be distributed in a uniform manner without burning roots. Greenhouse vegetables topdressing phosphate fertilizer do not use flushing, you can use a small amount of root irrigation methods, with phosphorus, potassium irrigation roots can promote root development, but also can be combined with avermectin and other components to reduce the occurrence of double eyelid disease.
Fourth, carbon dioxide fertilization is an auxiliary measure for greenhouse vegetable production. Increase the yield of vegetables by increasing the principle of photosynthesis. In the application of technology to grasp the fertilization time and the concentration of carbon dioxide and so on. In winter, the temperature is low and the time for putting it out should be longer. The amount of carbon dioxide absorbed varies with different growth periods. For example, the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by cucumber during the flowering phase and the initial phase of the result increases sharply. At this time, the application effect is better.
Fifth, in recent years greenhouse vegetables are prone to fruit cracking, soft rot, and other physiological diseases that affect the quality of the product. Therefore, it is recommended to use trace element fertilizers in the middle and later stages of vegetable, especially fruit and vegetable vegetables. The main ingredients are calcium, boron, and magnesium fertilizers. . The method of dressing fertilizers outside the roots can be used to select simple or complex fertilizer types, but do not choose liquid fertilizers that are used to make up the whole area.
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