Cucumber shrinking fertilizer and water is the main reason

In the process of cucumber cultivation in winter, cucumbers with good early growth are often encountered. During the period of fruiting period or fruiting period, some melon seedlings gradually appear or suddenly shrink, and serious whole plants die. A large number of surveys have shown that there are several reasons for the formation. First, the concentration of fertilizers is too large, especially when applying chemical fertilizers near the roots of cucumbers. It is very easy to burn guajava seedlings. Second, the application of organic fertilizers with high nitrogen content during the decomposition process. Ammonia is produced in the system. When the temperature rises, the ammonia concentration is too high to cause wilting and dead seedlings. The third is continuous rain or snow, and it is fine and clear after the snowfall. Because of the inversion, the guajava sprouts often wilting or die; Large, or broken film, cold wind invasion, causing wilting dead seedlings; Fifth, the damage of rhizosphere nematodes will also lead to atrophy. Among them, improper application of fertilizer and water should be the main reason.

During the cultivation and management of cucumbers in greenhouses, the following corresponding technologies should be taken to prevent them.

First, a reasonable carrier fertilizer. The roots of cucumbers are more developed, but most of them are concentrated on the soil surface. In order to promote early-onset roots and multiple roots and prevent fertilizer and water misuses from inhibiting the growth of root groups, attention should be paid to the following aspects when fertilizing water: First, use adequately decomposed organic fertilizer or bio-organic compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer; second, control the amount of base fertilizer. Especially for bio-organic compound fertilizers with high nitrogen content, the amount per acre should not exceed 75 kg. Third, when applying nitrogen fertilizer, it is necessary to deepen the application, and secondly, it must be farther away from the cucumber root system; When planting melon seedlings, planting water with less irrigation and pouring water back to Qingshui as appropriate, the temperature is low, soil moisture is high, rainy weather is encountered, and little or no water is poured back. In the case of high temperatures and continuous droughts, only Infiltration of fine water in the shed can not flood irrigation.

Second, scientifically control the greenhouse temperature. The initial period of colonization is generally not ventilated. During the daytime sheds are maintained at 25°C to 30°C, and at night they are maintained at 12°C to 15°C and are not lower than 10°C. With the continuous growth of melon seedlings, it is necessary to adjust the air temperature in time. One can prevent diseases, two can avoid plant aging, three can add carbon dioxide. However, the regulation of temperature must be conducive to the growth of cucumbers. Generally, the temperature rises to 30°C during the day and it is ventilated. In the afternoon, the film is closed at 28°C. The night temperature during the melon period should not fall below 12°C.

Third, strengthen the protection of greenhouses. One is to constantly manage the ditch around the greenhouse and keep it open so that it can be drained in a timely manner, especially for rapid filtration. Second, it is necessary to check whether the shed film is damaged or uncovered every day. Pay attention to repair to ensure warming and warming. Third, we must cover the straw curtain before the advent of strong winds, lock the ropes, to prevent the film from inadvertently injuring melon seedlings.

Fourth, prevent underground pests. The nematode disease causing cucumber wilting is caused by the damage of underground nematodes. Root-knot nematodes are generally distributed in the soil layer 3 to 9 cm above the ground. The roots of the affected roots form root nodules and gradually enlarge. After the root tissue is destroyed, the absorption and transportation of fertilizer and water are hindered. The plants are dwarfed, the leaves turn yellow, and when they are severe, they are wilting or death. The method of prevention can be controlled by pest control of the central organic fertilizer granules, 25 kg per mu as the base fertilizer, or with the organic fertilizer Yangda liquid fertilizer 1:300 times, spray 3 to 4 times or Irrigating roots once can inhibit root-knot nematode disease and increase cucumber production.

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