How to prevent cotton rotten bells and premature aging

In August and early September of this year, the cotton fields in the Yellow River Basin, due to several consecutive rainy seasons, led to the depletion of the cotton fields and premature decline, resulting in a reduction in production, which caused large-scale farmers to suffer significant economic losses.

In the north and south cotton regions of China, rainy seasons often occur in late August and mid-September, and bollworm disease occurs in the lower part of the cotton plants. Many bolls are rotted, resulting in reduced yields in different degrees. How to prevent? It is another difficult problem that many cotton farmers need to explore.

Cotton is an infinitely inflorescence crop. As long as the average daily temperature is above 20 degrees, it can grow continuously without pests and diseases. The supply of water and fertilizer is sufficient, and the budding and flowering of cotton will also fall off by about 60%. This is the reproductive characteristics of cotton and is called Physiological shedding.

In the middle and lower part of the cotton plant, the volt and bells in front of the plant generally take 48 days from flowering to boll opening, so there is a saying that "flowers will be spent 48 days." The bolls have a strong resistance during the growth period, and no insects will damage the perforation without damaging the bell. In the mature period, after 40 days of growth, the bolls cease to grow, and the shell needs to be dehydrated, dried and cracked. If the rainwater is exposed to high temperature and humidity during this period, the bolls that ceased to grow have no resistance, and various types of bollworm bacteria will be infected. Shell, causing bad bells. In the inland cotton area, if there is another rainy season in October, there will be high humidity and no heat, and cotton bolls will not be bad. Therefore, in north and south China's cotton-growing areas, do not want to reduce the number of bells, so that the boll mature period to avoid late August to early September is likely to trigger the season of rotten bell, is the best way to prevent.

Bells before the bell, since the promotion of mulch cotton, cotton seedlings early, growth period of 10 days to half months earlier, up to 7 or 8 bells before the bell, so more rotten bells, a large reduction in output. There are more bells in front of the bell, and the bell in the middle is less on the knot. Because the bell is ringing early, the nutrient made in the middle leaves must first supply the growth of the lower bell, which results in the nutrient supply after the flowering and pollination in the middle is not falling off. It is the lower part and the middle part that is not worth the candle. In order to solve this problem, Guoxin Science and Technology Park conducted a comparative experiment. In the same land with good water and fertilizer conditions, Xinyang No. 4 was planted on April 20, 2007, and the mu density was 2000 strains, 2,500 strains, and 3,500 strains, respectively. The 2000 planting plots adopted the simplified pruning method. On June 25, all vegetative branches and the lower two fruiting branches were destroyed. On July 5th, all the opened flowers and the sorted young bells were all removed and the lower leaves were multi-junctioned in the middle. Volt provides nutrition. As a result, the average number of rotten bells per plant was 0.7 and the actual harvest was 685 kilograms. The number of rotten bells in the other two plots that did not go to the two fruit trees and did not go to the lower bell was more than three. The output was 632 pounds and 606 respectively. jin. Therefore, appropriate sparse planting, with no or little bells, is the most active and easiest way to prevent rotten bells, and less or no bells are needed to make the cotton plants more resistant to drought in the middle and early July. However, if there are too many bells at the front, the “old man” who is prone to premature aging will often grow into a “two-story building” after a rainstorm. There are other ways to prevent and treat bad bells, such as pushing and cultivating ridges, hitting the old leaves, spraying fungicide, and picking up the rotten bells to dry at the beginning. However, these methods are in the cotton field, impending rotten bells or rotten bells have already occurred. The passive methods adopted at the time are often not ideal, and they are not as effective as the early buds in early and late June or the early July and early morning bells.

Under normal circumstances, the number of rotten bells in the third fruit branch of the cotton plant is higher. Even if it is not rotten, it is due to insufficient illumination near the ground. The hot moisture vapor transpires and the bolling is not good, resulting in poor quality "root flower" and "stuck". Flower petals." So take the initiative to get rid of the two fruit trees in the lower part of the early-onset cotton plant. After the end of August, the growth of high-yielding cotton fields should be: patchwork, structured, high-pitched, bell-shaped, full-backed, and peach-covered.

Analysis of the causes of premature aging of cotton fields in 2009: First, the old cotton fields that were replanted for many years were not treated with organic fertilizers or fertilizers; second, potassium-deficient cotton fields; third, early maturing cultivars; fourth, drought-not watered cotton fields in July; There are too many "small old men" who become bells in front of them, and five are dry and sandy. Sixth, early sowing early cotton field, in the middle and late defermentation, seven is the late cotton aphid roots early hypoxia.

To prevent premature senility, the first is to increase the number of farmers, downturned crop rotation, the second is to give the old cotton manure manure, cake fertilizer and other organic fertilizers as the base fertilizer, the third is the selection of medium-early maturing varieties, four is severe drought in mid-July, when certain To reduce or not to make a bell, avoid the premature decline of the cotton plant due to premature childbirth, and the fifth is to reapply the base fertilizer to dry sand, multiple top dressings, appropriate late sowing or no mulching, six It was timely dressing of early morning sowing of cotton fields in August. Seventh, the cotton field is late in the growth period and the rain is drained in time.

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