Boleophthalmus Pectinirostris (Linnaeus), also known as jumping fish, mud cows, and flower jumpers. The fish is small, but it is nutritious and delicious. The current market price is about 50 yuan / kg, with a larger breeding development prospects.
First, the morphological characteristics of the large eel catfish individual small, mature individual is generally 80-90mm long, weighing 15-25g; large individuals up to 120-150mm, weighing 30-40g. The body side is flat, the back edge is straight, the ventral edge is lightly curved, the tail shank is taller, and the body and head are rounded. The first dorsal fin is high, the base is short, and there are five fin spines extending in filamentous shape; the second dorsal fin is lower, and the caudal fin base is backward and backward, the pelvic fins are short, the pectoral fins, and the caudal fins are all rounded. Body blue-brown or gray-brown, with 6-7 gray-black stripes along the dorsal pedicle base at the upper part of the body, many bright blue dots spread across the body and head, abdomen white, dark blue first dorsal fin, second dorsal fin blue Gray, pelvic fins yellow, caudal fins grayish black.
II. Habits and diets The large-scale mudskipper is a small fish with warm temperate tropical and coastal waters distributed in Malaysia, North Korea, Japan, South China Sea and East China Sea; Guangdong is mainly distributed in the Pearl River Estuary, Leizhou Bay and other places. Inhabiting salty and freshwater waters in estuaries, near-shore tidal flats, or muddy sediments in low tide areas are resistant to harsh water quality. Wide-salinity, hi cave dwelling, the hole is generally Y-shaped, consisting of a hole, a positive orifice, and a posterior orifice. Positive orifices are used for access, and rear orifices are used for ventilation. Rely on the pectoral fins and tail habitat on the water, beach, rocks crawl or jump; in the mud coated with benthic diatoms, blue-green algae, but also eat a small amount of copepods and organic matter.
Third, reproduction and growth The breeding season of the big salamander is 4-9 months each year, and each broodstock can spawn about 10,000 eggs. Eggs are spherical and sticky yellow. In summer and autumn, a large number of fry can be seen in the estuary where the proportion of seawater is less than 1.015. The growth rate is slow and it usually takes 1-2 years from seedlings to adult fish.
IV. Farming and Fishing The culture of big-bolted fish has long been popular in some areas of Taiwan and Southeast Asia and is still relatively rare in mainland China. The structure of the pool for big bunting fish is roughly the same as that of Milkfish. The bottom of the pool should generally be higher than the low tide line and must be flat. The bottom quality is better with clay; the water depth in the pool is more appropriate than 5-15 cm, and the depth is not conducive to growth; the salinity of the pool water It is between 1.010-1.020; the water temperature grows faster at 24°C-30°C; before the fry is released, the turf must be sprayed, the basal fertilizer must be applied, disinfected, and the miscellaneous fish and predators must be disinfected. Then the algae should be injected with water. The fry stocking time is generally from June to September, and the stocking amount is usually 30000 pigs per hectare. The growth rate of big salamander fish is related to pond environment, bottom algae status, and management techniques. The fishing harvest time is 1-2 years.
Large catch fish can be caught by hand catching method, cage catching method and hanging net method. Hand catching method is a catcher who finds a fish hole and then directly grabs it along the tunnel. The disadvantage is that the catch or survival rate is low. The cage trapping method is to catch the fish hole and then seal the hole with mud, and then insert the fish hole into the hole and wait until it is out of the hole to enter the fish cage and capture it. Hanging net method is to use the habit of large-scale mud-blasting fish, first discharge the pool water to 2cm shallow or drain the pool, set the hanging net at the water inlet of the pond, and use the water at the high tide to inject water slowly. The large-scale mud-coated fish will countercurrently cluster into the hanging net and pull the net. The rope lifts the catch.
No.2 Large Bulletinfish Fish Pond Breeding and Breeding Breeding
First, the breeding pool structure uses the original bomb-coated fish breeding pond 17 acres, the pool water depth is 50-80cm, the bottom of the pool is sediment. In the pool, several rows of ditches are dug, and a ditch is dug at intervals of 2 meters. The specifications for each ditch are 1 meter wide and 30 to 40 meters deep. Formed around the pool of water ditch ring cloth, and the pool of water trenches open to each other unimpeded, the entire nursery pond is rectangular, the pool of two waiting room ditch deeper, is conducive to the inflow, drainage and out of the pool fry collection. A cylindrical tube made of ceramics is placed every 2 meters in the ditch, with a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 50 cm.
Second, the choice of broodstock
1. Source of broodstock: At present, in the coastal waters of Fujian Province, it is difficult to purchase broodstock with specifications and can be used for the mass production of shellfish fry. The broodstock is mainly from Taiwan. Artificially cultivated broodstock older than 2 years old was imported directly from Taiwan. Choose disease-free and non-invasive size body, generally require body length 20-23cm, weight 160-200g.
2. Broodstock transport: 200 broodstock were purchased directly from Taiwan's eel-frying fish farms, of which males accounted for 10%. The plastic film bags were filled with oxygen and packed in 4 sachets of broodstock and shipped from the port of Taiwan to the nursery for a total of 10 hours. The survival rate was 98%.
3, male and female identification: bombardment fish dioecious, broodstock in the non-breeding season to identify more difficult. Breeding season can distinguish male and female from the appearance of their quarantine holes: The female fish colony is red and round, the fish body is full, the ovary is yellow, the eggs are sticky eggs; the male fish breeding hole is narrow and elongated and sharp, fish body Slim.
Third, the development of broodstock broodstock before entering the pool should do a good job in cultivating the sun pool pool, remove the enemy and other clearing pool disinfection work. Each cubic body of water can be disinfected with a 1.5g bleach solution pool. On June 15th of that year, the broodstock was sterilized with penicillin for 4-5 minutes before it could be placed in breeding ponds. Pool water temperature 27 °C -28 °C, specific gravity 1.013. The initial feeding of broodstock was dominated by benthic diatoms in breeding ponds, after which rice bran and auxin (Taiwan products) can be fed. To keep the water fresh and rich in dissolved oxygen, it is generally not necessary to feed it every day. The amount of water to be changed per day depends on the weather conditions. It is advisable to promote the development of gonads with microfluidic water.
Fourth, spawning and hatching broodstock after more than 1 month of intensive care and cultivation, neither artificial gonad ripening, and no artificial hormone ovulation, only in the hatching pool to reach the natural maturity of the gonads, to July 29 began The first batch of spawning (multi-lot spawning) lasted for 16 days and ended on August 14. After random sampling and counting, more than 3.3 million eggs were laid, and on average, each broodstock laid 15,000 eggs. The proportion of pool water during incubation is 1.013 and the water temperature is 26°C-27°C.
V. Breeding of fry The fry can be hatched on the 4th day after each batch of broodstock is laid. The newly hatched fry mainly feed on floating plants and animals in breeding ponds, supplemented with appropriate amount of soybean milk, and sprinkled and fed once a day to supplement the shortage of natural food. Changing water once a day, change the amount of water 30% -50%. After 60-70 days of careful cultivation, the body length of the fish is generally more than 1cm, and the survival rate is 45%. A total of 1.5 million mu of seedlings have been cultivated.
Sixth, seedlings are transported using plastic film bags filled with oxygen. One-third of the bagged water is put into 5,000 pieces of fish with a body length of 1cm.
Three of the Great Ballskipper Artificial Pond Culture Technology
1. The selection of the pond requires the bottom of the pool to be flat, and the bottom of the pool should be higher than the low tide line to facilitate fertilization and sun drying to promote the cultivation of benthic diatoms and breeding. Each aquarium is equipped with one entrance and one exit gate. The bottom of the tank should be slightly inclined toward the gate, and a gutter with a width of about 2 meters should be opened in the center to connect the gate for smooth drainage. In order to make holes for the infestation and propagation of algae, the bottom material should be soft clay. The pond outside the pond should be higher, and conditions can be added to a fence to prevent fish and wild animals from invading. The pond area is generally 7-8 acres.
2. Before clear ponds and sterilized stocking, they should do the work of pool bottom exposure, remove predators, etc., then soak in water, use bleaching powder to disinfect, and use 1.5 g of bleaching liquid per cubic meter of water. Newly-built aquaculture ponds can apply 40kg of agricultural manure compost per acre, and the depth of the pool should be 6-8cm.
3, artificial seedlings or natural seedlings from the seedlings, the time to collect natural seedlings in 6-8 months. The catchers can use small hand-operated nets for fishing. Or buy seeds directly from Taiwan.
4. Put seedlings and density to buy more than 5cm of large eel-bearing fish seedlings, generally in April each year directly into the rearing pool. The seedling density is generally 3000-5000 tails/mu. If the density of seedlings is more than 5000 tails/mu, the supply of algae in the pond may be insufficient, and growth may be slowed down.
5. After fertilization and feeding for a period of time, the benthic diatoms in the pond have basically disappeared and the water quality begins to become cloudy. At this time, drainage, sun drying and fertilization should be promptly conducted to promote the reproduction of benthic diatoms. In terms of feeding, when the seedlings were first released, they were fed once a week, each time 50 kg of rice bran was fed per acre, and 2 kg of feed additive was added. Pool water depth is maintained at 8-10 cm. After breeding for 45 days, when the body length is about 5-7 cm, a deeper hole must be built. When the temperature is high, choose to drain off the pool water in the sunny day, leave some water in the pool, sun 3-5 days, depending on the bottom of the pool can be slightly harder to fertilize the water, rice bran, until the bottom of the pool sun to crack, inject fresh seawater 5 -10 cm. One week later, adherent diatoms continue to multiply.
6, day-to-day management First of all, in the calm of the sunny days, the drainage and drying pool. In case of cold winter cold, multiple water injections are suitable for maintaining water volume. Secondly, we must pay attention to the use of pesticides and prevent predation and other hazards of ferocious fish, birds, crabs, and conch species, such as sea otters.
7. Harvesting and shipping fishing methods: Drain the pool water, maintain the water level of the ditch, and look for the entrance and exit points of the big salamander. Wherever there is import, fish has access to the front. Take the wet mud and close the mouth and align the fish cage with the mouth so that the fish will automatically enter the cage and catch it from the entrance.
The livelihood of the giant salamander is easy to transport, using a special circular sieve tray, 80 cm in diameter and 20 cm deep. The bottom of the sieve tray is covered with a plastic film. Put the commercial fish into the sieve tray and add a small amount of water. In this way, a number of sieve trays are put into the fish to complete the task. Delivery destination within 2-3 days, survival rate up to 100% for sale.
First, the morphological characteristics of the large eel catfish individual small, mature individual is generally 80-90mm long, weighing 15-25g; large individuals up to 120-150mm, weighing 30-40g. The body side is flat, the back edge is straight, the ventral edge is lightly curved, the tail shank is taller, and the body and head are rounded. The first dorsal fin is high, the base is short, and there are five fin spines extending in filamentous shape; the second dorsal fin is lower, and the caudal fin base is backward and backward, the pelvic fins are short, the pectoral fins, and the caudal fins are all rounded. Body blue-brown or gray-brown, with 6-7 gray-black stripes along the dorsal pedicle base at the upper part of the body, many bright blue dots spread across the body and head, abdomen white, dark blue first dorsal fin, second dorsal fin blue Gray, pelvic fins yellow, caudal fins grayish black.
II. Habits and diets The large-scale mudskipper is a small fish with warm temperate tropical and coastal waters distributed in Malaysia, North Korea, Japan, South China Sea and East China Sea; Guangdong is mainly distributed in the Pearl River Estuary, Leizhou Bay and other places. Inhabiting salty and freshwater waters in estuaries, near-shore tidal flats, or muddy sediments in low tide areas are resistant to harsh water quality. Wide-salinity, hi cave dwelling, the hole is generally Y-shaped, consisting of a hole, a positive orifice, and a posterior orifice. Positive orifices are used for access, and rear orifices are used for ventilation. Rely on the pectoral fins and tail habitat on the water, beach, rocks crawl or jump; in the mud coated with benthic diatoms, blue-green algae, but also eat a small amount of copepods and organic matter.
Third, reproduction and growth The breeding season of the big salamander is 4-9 months each year, and each broodstock can spawn about 10,000 eggs. Eggs are spherical and sticky yellow. In summer and autumn, a large number of fry can be seen in the estuary where the proportion of seawater is less than 1.015. The growth rate is slow and it usually takes 1-2 years from seedlings to adult fish.
IV. Farming and Fishing The culture of big-bolted fish has long been popular in some areas of Taiwan and Southeast Asia and is still relatively rare in mainland China. The structure of the pool for big bunting fish is roughly the same as that of Milkfish. The bottom of the pool should generally be higher than the low tide line and must be flat. The bottom quality is better with clay; the water depth in the pool is more appropriate than 5-15 cm, and the depth is not conducive to growth; the salinity of the pool water It is between 1.010-1.020; the water temperature grows faster at 24°C-30°C; before the fry is released, the turf must be sprayed, the basal fertilizer must be applied, disinfected, and the miscellaneous fish and predators must be disinfected. Then the algae should be injected with water. The fry stocking time is generally from June to September, and the stocking amount is usually 30000 pigs per hectare. The growth rate of big salamander fish is related to pond environment, bottom algae status, and management techniques. The fishing harvest time is 1-2 years.
Large catch fish can be caught by hand catching method, cage catching method and hanging net method. Hand catching method is a catcher who finds a fish hole and then directly grabs it along the tunnel. The disadvantage is that the catch or survival rate is low. The cage trapping method is to catch the fish hole and then seal the hole with mud, and then insert the fish hole into the hole and wait until it is out of the hole to enter the fish cage and capture it. Hanging net method is to use the habit of large-scale mud-blasting fish, first discharge the pool water to 2cm shallow or drain the pool, set the hanging net at the water inlet of the pond, and use the water at the high tide to inject water slowly. The large-scale mud-coated fish will countercurrently cluster into the hanging net and pull the net. The rope lifts the catch.
No.2 Large Bulletinfish Fish Pond Breeding and Breeding Breeding
First, the breeding pool structure uses the original bomb-coated fish breeding pond 17 acres, the pool water depth is 50-80cm, the bottom of the pool is sediment. In the pool, several rows of ditches are dug, and a ditch is dug at intervals of 2 meters. The specifications for each ditch are 1 meter wide and 30 to 40 meters deep. Formed around the pool of water ditch ring cloth, and the pool of water trenches open to each other unimpeded, the entire nursery pond is rectangular, the pool of two waiting room ditch deeper, is conducive to the inflow, drainage and out of the pool fry collection. A cylindrical tube made of ceramics is placed every 2 meters in the ditch, with a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 50 cm.
Second, the choice of broodstock
1. Source of broodstock: At present, in the coastal waters of Fujian Province, it is difficult to purchase broodstock with specifications and can be used for the mass production of shellfish fry. The broodstock is mainly from Taiwan. Artificially cultivated broodstock older than 2 years old was imported directly from Taiwan. Choose disease-free and non-invasive size body, generally require body length 20-23cm, weight 160-200g.
2. Broodstock transport: 200 broodstock were purchased directly from Taiwan's eel-frying fish farms, of which males accounted for 10%. The plastic film bags were filled with oxygen and packed in 4 sachets of broodstock and shipped from the port of Taiwan to the nursery for a total of 10 hours. The survival rate was 98%.
3, male and female identification: bombardment fish dioecious, broodstock in the non-breeding season to identify more difficult. Breeding season can distinguish male and female from the appearance of their quarantine holes: The female fish colony is red and round, the fish body is full, the ovary is yellow, the eggs are sticky eggs; the male fish breeding hole is narrow and elongated and sharp, fish body Slim.
Third, the development of broodstock broodstock before entering the pool should do a good job in cultivating the sun pool pool, remove the enemy and other clearing pool disinfection work. Each cubic body of water can be disinfected with a 1.5g bleach solution pool. On June 15th of that year, the broodstock was sterilized with penicillin for 4-5 minutes before it could be placed in breeding ponds. Pool water temperature 27 °C -28 °C, specific gravity 1.013. The initial feeding of broodstock was dominated by benthic diatoms in breeding ponds, after which rice bran and auxin (Taiwan products) can be fed. To keep the water fresh and rich in dissolved oxygen, it is generally not necessary to feed it every day. The amount of water to be changed per day depends on the weather conditions. It is advisable to promote the development of gonads with microfluidic water.
Fourth, spawning and hatching broodstock after more than 1 month of intensive care and cultivation, neither artificial gonad ripening, and no artificial hormone ovulation, only in the hatching pool to reach the natural maturity of the gonads, to July 29 began The first batch of spawning (multi-lot spawning) lasted for 16 days and ended on August 14. After random sampling and counting, more than 3.3 million eggs were laid, and on average, each broodstock laid 15,000 eggs. The proportion of pool water during incubation is 1.013 and the water temperature is 26°C-27°C.
V. Breeding of fry The fry can be hatched on the 4th day after each batch of broodstock is laid. The newly hatched fry mainly feed on floating plants and animals in breeding ponds, supplemented with appropriate amount of soybean milk, and sprinkled and fed once a day to supplement the shortage of natural food. Changing water once a day, change the amount of water 30% -50%. After 60-70 days of careful cultivation, the body length of the fish is generally more than 1cm, and the survival rate is 45%. A total of 1.5 million mu of seedlings have been cultivated.
Sixth, seedlings are transported using plastic film bags filled with oxygen. One-third of the bagged water is put into 5,000 pieces of fish with a body length of 1cm.
Three of the Great Ballskipper Artificial Pond Culture Technology
1. The selection of the pond requires the bottom of the pool to be flat, and the bottom of the pool should be higher than the low tide line to facilitate fertilization and sun drying to promote the cultivation of benthic diatoms and breeding. Each aquarium is equipped with one entrance and one exit gate. The bottom of the tank should be slightly inclined toward the gate, and a gutter with a width of about 2 meters should be opened in the center to connect the gate for smooth drainage. In order to make holes for the infestation and propagation of algae, the bottom material should be soft clay. The pond outside the pond should be higher, and conditions can be added to a fence to prevent fish and wild animals from invading. The pond area is generally 7-8 acres.
2. Before clear ponds and sterilized stocking, they should do the work of pool bottom exposure, remove predators, etc., then soak in water, use bleaching powder to disinfect, and use 1.5 g of bleaching liquid per cubic meter of water. Newly-built aquaculture ponds can apply 40kg of agricultural manure compost per acre, and the depth of the pool should be 6-8cm.
3, artificial seedlings or natural seedlings from the seedlings, the time to collect natural seedlings in 6-8 months. The catchers can use small hand-operated nets for fishing. Or buy seeds directly from Taiwan.
4. Put seedlings and density to buy more than 5cm of large eel-bearing fish seedlings, generally in April each year directly into the rearing pool. The seedling density is generally 3000-5000 tails/mu. If the density of seedlings is more than 5000 tails/mu, the supply of algae in the pond may be insufficient, and growth may be slowed down.
5. After fertilization and feeding for a period of time, the benthic diatoms in the pond have basically disappeared and the water quality begins to become cloudy. At this time, drainage, sun drying and fertilization should be promptly conducted to promote the reproduction of benthic diatoms. In terms of feeding, when the seedlings were first released, they were fed once a week, each time 50 kg of rice bran was fed per acre, and 2 kg of feed additive was added. Pool water depth is maintained at 8-10 cm. After breeding for 45 days, when the body length is about 5-7 cm, a deeper hole must be built. When the temperature is high, choose to drain off the pool water in the sunny day, leave some water in the pool, sun 3-5 days, depending on the bottom of the pool can be slightly harder to fertilize the water, rice bran, until the bottom of the pool sun to crack, inject fresh seawater 5 -10 cm. One week later, adherent diatoms continue to multiply.
6, day-to-day management First of all, in the calm of the sunny days, the drainage and drying pool. In case of cold winter cold, multiple water injections are suitable for maintaining water volume. Secondly, we must pay attention to the use of pesticides and prevent predation and other hazards of ferocious fish, birds, crabs, and conch species, such as sea otters.
7. Harvesting and shipping fishing methods: Drain the pool water, maintain the water level of the ditch, and look for the entrance and exit points of the big salamander. Wherever there is import, fish has access to the front. Take the wet mud and close the mouth and align the fish cage with the mouth so that the fish will automatically enter the cage and catch it from the entrance.
The livelihood of the giant salamander is easy to transport, using a special circular sieve tray, 80 cm in diameter and 20 cm deep. The bottom of the sieve tray is covered with a plastic film. Put the commercial fish into the sieve tray and add a small amount of water. In this way, a number of sieve trays are put into the fish to complete the task. Delivery destination within 2-3 days, survival rate up to 100% for sale.
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