Summer corn needs less fertilizer at the seedling stage, and a large amount of fertilizer is required from the ear to the flowering stage, and gradually decreases thereafter. The proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by summer maize with a yield of more than 7500 kg per hectare was generally 2.9:1:2.9. Every 100 kg of grain produced needs to absorb 2.62 kg of pure nitrogen, 0.9 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 2.64 kg of potassium oxide from the soil. Second, the effect of fertilization to increase production of summer corn is a more nitrogen-consuming crops, under normal circumstances nitrogen can increase production by about 30%. However, with the increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer input, the supply of nutrients in the soil is unregulated, and balanced fertilization must be carried out in order to capture the high yield of corn. The application of nitrogen and phosphorus combined with summer maize increased the yield by 47%; and the combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased the yield of summer maize by more than 60%. Third, the scientific formula of fertilization Summer maize yield is not proportional to the increase in the amount of fertilizer increases, more than a certain amount, the greater the amount of fertilizer, the lower the yield. Field experiments must be conducted to determine economically reasonable fertilizer formulations. (1) According to the local production formula, the fertility is divided into three levels based on the yield of summer corn in the non-fertilized area: the yield is less than 3,750 kg for each hectare of summer maize; the yield is 3750–5250 kg; the yield is more than 5250 kg; field. Low-yielding fields: The target output is 6000 to 6750 kg, and the required pure nitrogen is 256 to 224 kg per hectare, the phosphorus pentoxide is 120 to 150 kg, and the potassium oxide is 0 to 75 kg. In the middle production field, the target output is 6750-8250 kg, 180-225 kg of pure nitrogen, 105-120 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 75-105 kg of potassium oxide per hectare. High-yield fields: The target output is 8250 to 10500 kg, and 180 to 195 kg of pure nitrogen, 105 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 105 to 135 kg of potassium oxide are required for each hectare. (2) Soil testing and fertilizing formula The determination of soil nutrients determines the economic and efficient fertilizer formulation. Soil alkaline nitrogen below 50 mg kg, available phosphorus below 15 mg/kg, available potassium below 80 mg/kg for low-yielding fields; soil alkaline nitrogen for 60 to 110 mg/kg, fast-acting phosphorus 15 to 30 mg/kg , Available potassium 80 ~ 120 mg / kg for the middle field; soil alkalinity more than 110 mg / kg, available phosphorus more than 30 mg / kg, fast-acting potassium more than 120 mg / kg for high yield fields. Low-yield fields: The target output is 6,000 kg, and 165-200 kg of pure nitrogen, 105-120 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 90-120 kg of potassium nitride per hectare are required. In the middle production field, the target output is 7,500 kg, and 165-175 kg of pure nitrogen, 80-90 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 90 kg of potassium oxide are required for each hectare. High-yielding fields: The target output is 9000 kg, about 120 kg of pure nitrogen is required for each hectare, 15-20 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 30-90 kg of potassium oxide. IV. Appropriate fertilization time and method Suitable fertilization time and method should not only consider the nutrient characteristics of corn, but also consider the soil water and fertilizer conditions, so as to provide nutrient sources for each growth period of summer maize in a timely and effective manner. (1) Full use of base fertilizer fertilizer formula phosphorus, potassium fertilizer as base fertilizer; nitrogen fertilizer 60% as base fertilizer. For the soil with poor water retention and fertility retention performance, the top dressing is mainly used. The basal fertilizer should be evenly spread on the surface, and plowed into the 20-cm deep soil. (2) Qiao applied fertilizer from the fertilizer formula to take out 15 to 22.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 45 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, 15 ~ 22.5 kg of potassium oxide for seed fertilizer, application or hole. It is forbidden to contact with the seeds and lay the foundation for training strong seedlings. (3) The top-dressing topdressing fertilizer is mainly nitrogenous fertilizer, and there is no phosphorus and potash fertilizer in the base fertilizer. Top dressing is divided into seedling fertilizer, jointing fertilizer and panicle fertilizer. Miao Fei should be light to ensure Miao Qi, Miao Zhuang. Jointing fertilizer refers to top dressing from the jointing of corn to the small bellmouth period, which generally accounts for 40% of top dressing. The attacking fertilizer refers to the fertilizer applied by corn during the trumpet season, and generally accounts for 60% of the topdressing fertilizer. The topdressing method can be applied, or it can be applied in a depth of 15cm or so. (4) The utilization of extra-root topdressing fertilizer is an auxiliary emergency measure. This method is often used when there is a lack of symptoms or if there is a decline in root function. With 1% urea solution or 0.08% to 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, the foliar spray was performed at 4 pm on sunny days. Fifth, a reasonable use of trace elements in trace elements of trace amounts of fertilizer, zinc, boron, manganese base fertilizer consumption per hectare 10 kg, 7 kg, 20 kg. Apply a suitable amount of fine soil when applied, evenly spread on the surface, plow into the soil. When used as a fertilizer, 0.01% to 0.05% solution can be soaked for 12 to 24 hours. 0.1% to 0.2% of the solution can also be used for extra-root fertilizer, 900 kg/ha, sprayed twice, the time interval of about 15 days.
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