Late management of late-maturing late-maturing grape varieties should be based on ensuring the area of ​​leaves to focus on fertilizer and water management in order to improve fruit quality.
Reasonable leaves and controlled production
The yield and quality of the grapes depend on the leaf area. According to research, each ear has a leaf area of ​​less than 2280 square centimeters and the fruit grows slowly. The grape yield is controlled at 1250 kg. Each ear has 25 leaves. The sugar content reaches 16% to 17% at the ripening stage. The color is good, the fruit is elastic, the hardness is strong, the ratio of sugar to acid is moderate, and the flavor is very good.
In management, a string of fruit is left on each new shoot through fruit thinning. The ear weight is about 500 grams. This standard of the ear ensures that each new shoot leaves about 25 leaves; 6 leaves are topping on the flower head, and the top Leave one blade for each of the following sub tips. Truncate the fruit during the fruiting period and cut the young leaves and young mature shoots to make the fruit adequately nutritious, uniform in coloration, high in sugar content, and reduced in disease.
Fruit coloring application of potassium fertilizer
Grapes are "hi potassium" fruit trees, and potassium acts as a sugar-reducing and acid-reducing agent. The quality of fruit depends to a large extent on the type and amount of sugar contained in the fruit. During the softening period of the grape, the grape absorbs the peak period of potassium. During this period, the amount of potash fertilizer is 30-40 kg, which makes the grape fruit color fast and the sugar content is increased by 2-3 degrees. Moreover, the fructose content in the fruit is high and the flavor is sweet.
In addition, the late grape roots began to decline, fertilization should be dominated by water and fertilizer, 100 kg of water + 1.5 kg of potassium sulfate + 10% superphosphate leaching solution, each strain of leaching fluid 5 kg, once every seven days, continuous shower 2 ~ 3 times.
Late supplement of calcium fertilizer and water control
When the ratio of nitrogen to calcium is 10, calcium deficiency does not generally occur. When it is greater than 30, calcium deficiency occurs. It is also said that when Mushi 25 kilograms of urea must be applied 10 kilograms of quick lime, grapes do not show calcium deficiency; in the grape softening coloring phase through the foliage calcium. During this period, the calcium absorption in the root system could not meet the demand for calcium in fruit, and calcium fertilizer was not applied on the leaves. The fruit showed late calcium symptoms. Generally, 0.3 to 0.4% of calcium chloride or calcium nitrate and 0.1% of boric acid can be used to spray the foliar and ear, spray once every 7 to 10 days, spray 2 to 3 times continuously, and unfold the bag 10 to 15 days before maturity. , And irrigation water 15 days before the solution bag to ensure that the soil is moist, and promote the transport of calcium in the grape body; In the grape coloring period to maturity should be strictly controlled irrigation, irrigation should be stopped 20 days before harvest, is conducive to the hardness of mature fruits and Increased sugar content, especially for grapes cultivated in shelters from the rain. Black mulch is used to cover the surface of the car at the later stage to ensure that the soil moisture does not change so much so that the soil does not dry out after the rain. After the rain, the water in the vineyard is drained in time to prevent the grapes. Mature fruit cracking.
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