韭蛆

The adult cricket is called Bradtsua idiruogaga Yang et Zhang, which is also known as the yellow footed mosquito. It is a small black mosquito whose body length is one fourth of the mosquitoes we see everyday. The peak of the activity is 9-11 am, which is the main pest in the production of leeks. Distribution areas from the northeast, north, northwest to the south of the Yangtze River in Sichuan, Zhejiang and other places. The main hazards are leeks, onions, garlic and other lily plants. Eggs are prolific in the seams of soil, gaps between plants and earth seams, and gaps in leaf sheaths that are difficult to detect with the naked eye. This is its egg mass, which is only 0.38 mm long and oval in shape. The larvae are mainly clustered on the bulbs of the leek plants, which are the hazards of these small gourds and other parts, so that the stems and leaves yellow, the bulbs rot, we actually see this crystal clear insect is only a few millimeters, but its feeding ability Very strong. Severely occurring densely packed roots of leeks are the main targets of governance.

Injury characteristics: Adults lay eggs under the earth seams or clods around the alfalfa. After the larvae hatch, they gather in the bulbs and tender stems of the leeks and cause damage to the young stems, causing the leaves of the chives to turn brown and rot to rot. In severe cases, the whole morphological characteristics of the leek were observed. The adult body was 2.5 mm in length. The whole body was dark brown and the head was small. The bulge of the chest protruded forward and covered the head.
The larvae are yellow-white, slender, and full, 7 mm in length, with black lacquer on the head, pointed tips, and rounded back ends.
The baboon is exposed, yellowish-white at the beginning, yellow-brown afterwards and grayish black before feathering.
Life habits usually occur four generations a year, occurring in early May, mid June, early August and late September. In winter, from late July to early August, adult larvae occur. The larvae colonize and damage the underground rhizomes of leeks. Adult worms and fleas are able to fly and are very lively. They often inhabit the gaps between the soil blocks around the leeks. The mature larvae or cockroaches pass winter in the soil of the leek bulbs and in the soil 3 to 4 cm deep. Adult insects photophobia, hi wetness, and fear of dryness have obvious tropisms on the odor emitted by onion and garlic vegetables. The egg is prolific in the soil around the leeks of the leeks. The larvae endanger the underground leaf sheaths, tender stems and buds of leeks, bite off tender stems and break into bulbs. In open field cultivation of leeks, larvae are distributed in the soil 2 to 3 cm away from the ground, the deepest not more than 5 to 6 cm. Soil moisture is an important factor affecting the occurrence of earthworms. Clay fields have less occurrence than sand fields.
Control technology
?? 1, after the harvest covered adult insects: leek has just harvested, due to the leek in the air floating over the rich flavor of leek, so attracted a large number of adult oviposition. Therefore, after the leek is harvested, it is necessary to immediately cover the plastic film on the leek cake surface for 3 to 5 days. After the leek is cured, the odor disappears and the film is peeled off.
2, transplant management: seedbed for new soil, soaking when sowing germination, pick no bulbs when transplanting. When roots are transplanted, they should kill the young, or expose the roots for 1-2 days before transplanting them.
?? 3, covered with sand: Leek growth has always been a special phenomenon, "jumping root." Every cut of leeks will grow a small gourd. The root arched about 0. 5 centimeters. After a long time, the roots will show up on the surface and cannot absorb nutrients from the ground. Therefore, the cover soil has become a routine project for amaranth production. In the new technology, the traditional cover soil has become a sand cover. The open field leeks, cultivate 1 ~ 2cm thick Xihe sand soil 1 ~ 3 times, can trap the earth seam to effectively prevent the mosquitoes from laying eggs or dry the surface, improve the suitable conditions of the pupa, unfavorable larvae hatch.
? 4 chemical control? Prevention and control of larvae is still with the main water irrigation: exposed, cold shed, warm shed three. (1) Herbs in open field ---- The number of medications depends on the number of harvests, usually 6 to 7 times. In the middle and late March and early September, the white dew must be poured. Harvested four times, summer is generally not harvested due to price factors, leek fiber, etc. (2) cold-sheafed leeks --- the first time in early September when the white dew autumn crickets seriously injurious, the first medication; dewclaws on the 20th before the deduction of the cold shed, until the ground temperature rises fully, in early February leek grow to 2cm, the second medication After the middle of March, they will cut three knives and do not need to use drugs. After the third knives in the first half of May, they will use the third drug to eliminate the summer eels; they will not use drugs or root their medicines in summer, until the beginning of September. Autumn. (3) Warm shed leeks --- first time in early September when the white dew autumn crickets seriously injurious, the first medication; sheds in early November, late Snow Festival, leeks 1 ~ 2cm, the second medication; supply before the Spring Festival City Amaranth, Taro 20 before and after harvesting the first knife, the third medication; later the second knife, the third knife (middle of March, between the horror - the vernal equinox) harvest, no medication; whether to harvest the fourth knife, depending on the time Prices may vary. Generally, if the 4th knife is harvested, it will be used once. In the first half of May, it is necessary to re-administer the medicine once, for the need of cultivating the roots of leeks.
?? The field of larval control medication and methods: found leek leaves tip, plant scattered lodging.
(1) Control of larvae: 50% phoxim EC may be used 1000 times, 48% Loessben EC 500 times, and 1.1% matrine powder 500 times, once a month. 10% ciprofloxacin aqueous suspension agent 75g, 90g sprayed with a high-pressure sprayer along the ridge, the antimony control effect is significant. The use of herbs was stopped before harvesting to prevent pesticide residues. When larvae occur in the field, combined with watering, 15-20 kg ammonium bicarbonate is chased with water per acre, which is said to kill larvae.
(2) Control of adult worms: In the period of adulthood, 2.5% trichlorfon powder is applied in Shun ridge, 2 ~ 2.6 kg per acre, or 800 ~ 1000 times of 80% chlordialdehyde or 40% phoxim EC. , 2000% of 2.5% deltamethrin or 20% cypermethrin EC and other pyrethroid pesticides such as cypermethrin, fenvalerate, permethrin, etc., stem and leaf spray, from 9am to 11pm, Because at this time it is the peak of adult emergence. The soil surface around the leek is also sprayed thoroughly. In the autumn, when adults are concentrated, serious damage should be prevented.

Attachment: Prevention of drug-free technology, for reference.
In order to reduce environmental pollution, improve the quality of leeks and economic benefits of growing vegetables, the technology for the prevention and treatment of wolfberry-free herbs is now described below.
??1. Agricultural measures If new vegetable gardens are prepared, seedlings are transplanted. Live production is not only low-yielding and costly, but also difficult to manage in the field. Transplanting seedlings is successful and easy to manage. Seed bed fertile selection of winter time, according to 1:9 to determine the seedbed, both 667 square meters seedbed can be transplanted 9 acres (667 square meters) Daejeon. Made of enthalpy width of 1.5 meters, length and random, Shizu base fertilizer, convulsions nursery before and after the broadcast, double film coverage, film plus small arch shed. After the seedlings were removed, the mulching film was removed, and in mid-May, the small arch shed was also removed. In this way, one generation and two generations of people lost their lives. The seedlings were transplanted and planted in the middle and late June. When the leek sprouted, the soil was shaken and the roots were cut off. Some roots were cut off, and the roots were set to 1 cm, 13-14 roots per hole. The root water was poured after planting, and the earth was cut after the planting. Go to the leeks, pour little urine, grab a piece of ash to protect the files. Replacing them properly can reduce the damage, but should not be overdone. Normally, it should be changed once every 5 years. If there is any damage to Daejeon, it can be changed in time to reduce losses.
?? 2. Ecological control In order to do a reasonable close planting, to improve ventilation and light conditions in the field, while using a small arch shelter membrane protection cultivation. The cultivation of button membranes can improve the quality and economic benefits of leeks, and eliminate the damage of one generation and two generations of fleas. Control 3rd generation and 4th generation population bases, lay a solid foundation for the whole year harvest, buckle film cultivation costs about 320 yuan per 667 square meters, and 2 crops will be collected before June, and the harvest time of head crop can be advanced by 20 days. The benefits of square meters can increase by more than 1,200 yuan. The operation is simple and easy. Amaranth is 1.5 meters wide, bamboo bow 2 cm wide, 1.8 meters long, 1.5 meters between the arch and arch, the thickness of the film about 3 silk. In early February, the film will be buckled, and as soon as the harvest is opened, the operation will be completed and the cover will be tight. In late May, the film will be removed by harvesting.
3. Fertilization Techniques In early February, oil cakes and calcium superphosphate were mixed with livestock manure (forbidden cattle and sheep manure) in the first half of the month for composting. The mixing ratio was 0.5:0.5:9. After harvesting one time, immediately use fresh small urine to pour vegetable files, the soil moisture is not water, the soil is dry to water 50%, after pouring, grab a hay balm to protect the files. In this way, the soil surface is often in a dry state, and the tiny eggs cannot hatch. In late October to early November, 667 square meters was sprinkled with 100 kg of oil cake or 1,000 kg of livestock manure on the surface of the sorghum, and then cultivating once. Let the leek bulbs store nutrients to create conditions for high yields in the following year. During the harvest season, it is forbidden to use raw manure to water and do not create conditions for survival.
?? 4. Physical control Preparation of liquids with sugar, vinegar, water, the ratio of 1.5:1.5:7. Pots or pots of 40 to 50 cm in diameter are used to hold the trapping liquid. The pelvic floor is approximately 1 meter away from the ground and the pots are fixed by wooden stakes or brick piers. A 40-watt electric lamp is placed directly above the mouth of the pot 30 cm. The lamp cap is covered with a waterproof cover with a diameter of 10 cm. It is turned on before dark and turns off the light for 2 hours every night. There are 2 to 3 pots for every 667 square meters of leeks. There is no light put 4 to 5 pots, place the pot 5 meters away from the leeks, every 2 to 3 days plus 1 killing liquid, add liquid with a fishing rod fishing plus liquid, add liquid drops 1 ~ 2 drops of vegetable oil increase trapping effect. The sweet and sour vinegar and lighting seduce were carried out in two phases. From the beginning of May to the end of June, it was a phase. From the beginning of September to the end of September, it was a phase 2. The operation was stopped in the remaining months.

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