Seize the opportunity to prevent wheat sheath blight

Due to the widespread practice of returning straw to the fields and the relatively high soil moisture during last autumn’s wheat planting, wheat sheath blight is showing an increasing trend this spring in our province. In areas around Shijiazhuang, it has been observed that certain varieties such as Kenon 199 and Shimai 14 are particularly affected, with some fields reporting disease incidence as high as 90%. The best time for prevention and treatment is before and after the wheat starts to rise. Farmers are advised to closely monitor their fields and take timely action to control the spread of the disease. Wheat sheath blight is primarily caused by infection from *Rhizoctonia cerealis* and *Rhizoctonia solani*, the latter of which can also cause corn sheath blight. These fungi survive on infected plant residues or in the soil, serving as a source of further infection. Most of the current infections occurred before winter, and the symptoms mainly appear on the leaf sheaths and lower stems of tillers. Infected leaf sheaths show yellow-brown, cloud-like lesions, while the lower stems may show signs of root death in some seedlings. If left unchecked, the disease can progress up the stem, leading to weak ears, small grains, reduced yield, and increased lodging risk. In severe cases, white heads may form, significantly impacting overall production. To manage the disease, it is recommended to apply fungicides directly at the base of the wheat plants. The following products are effective: 1. Propiconazole EC (Seinason) – 7.5–15 grams per acre of active ingredient. 2. Triadimefon WP (Triadimefon) – 9–15 grams per acre of active ingredient. 3. Diniconazole wettable powder (Zhi Guoli) – 2.5–5 grams per acre of active ingredient. 4. Thiophanate-methyl suspension or wettable powder – 35–50 grams per acre of active ingredient. Important precautions include: - Ensure sufficient water is used during spraying, with at least 40 kg of water per acre. Dry soil conditions can reduce the effectiveness of the treatment if water is insufficient. - Apply the spray every 7 days, and consider repeating the treatment 2–3 times for better results. - Fungicides can be mixed with herbicides for more efficient field management. - Due to late autumn planting, many wheat seedlings have not fully developed their secondary roots. In fields where primary roots have died, early irrigation is recommended to encourage secondary root growth and prevent drought stress. Farmers are strongly encouraged to act quickly and implement these measures to protect their crops and ensure a healthy harvest.

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