The autumn potato is divided into the autumn potato autumn crop and the spring potato autumn crop. However, the fall seed species of autumn potatoes are seriously degraded, and the retention rate only accounts for 60%, and the output is reduced by 5%-30%. At present, the main use of spring potato autumn seed, but the technical requirements are too strict and cumbersome, easy to die dead seedlings, resulting in out of production. According to the relevant experience, the technical points for the successful cultivation of the autumn potato are: 1 early harvest of spring potatoes, seed-breeding and aeration storage; 2 strict seed selection, elimination of degraded and dead seedlings; 3 good germination and preservation of seedlings; 4 strengthening of field management. To break the dormancy, gibberellin is used. First, the dicing method was selected in the early morning or late evening on a sunny day. The temperature was below 27°C and the plot was cut in a cool and ventilated place. Strictly eliminate diseased potatoes, and the knife must be disinfected. Before and after noon in the hot and windless weather, it is not appropriate to cut into pieces. Seed potatoes should be cut, soaked and dried. Don't wait until the cuts are piled up before they are processed. If not, the heat will be generated due to the heat of the breath. The cut surface will become sticky and will not dry easily after soaking, resulting in dead seedlings. The concentration of gibberellin used for seed soaking is slightly different due to variety, seed storage days, germination or direct soil quality, and is generally 0.2-1 units. Cut and soak for about 10 minutes. Soak the seeds and remove them. Stand on a mat and dry them with the cut surface facing upwards. The mat must be placed in a place that is windy, cool, and without a trace of sunlight, so that the cut surface can be dried within 0.5-2 hours. To dry the standard, we must first use the thumb and the middle finger to pinch the cut piece of skin, and then use the index finger to touch the part of the cut-surface heart. This can be smooth without any stickiness. Do not dry excessively, otherwise the edges of the cuttings will change color, and the epidermis will separate from the potatoes and become lumpy. After the cut pieces are air-dried, they shall be placed on a bed of soil for layered germination. The bed shall be installed in a place away from the rain and ventilation. The bed shall be 1 meter wide and of arbitrary length. Bed soil is suitable for sandy loam and loam. Bed soil is too wet to cause bad lump, too dry to germinate. The bed soil should be ready 1 day before germination, and the humidity should reach the hand and form a group. Each layer is covered with a layer of cut, covered with a thin layer of moist soil, a total of 3-5 layers. The top layer and the bed should be covered with 5-6 cm thick soil to prevent drying. Do not spray water before and after going to bed. After cutting into the bed for 6-8 days, when the shoots grow 3 cm long, the cut outs are piled up and piled in place, and the scattered light is irradiated to make the buds green and strong. So budding 1-3 days, urging more than 3 cm buds. The advantages of this approach are: First, the root primordium has been established and can germinate and grow 2-3 days after sowing. Second, the first stage of growth is germination, and the tubers use their own nutrients to develop roots, stems, and leaves. Third, the development of the main bud to a certain stage, can be implemented late sowing, so that the risk of virus seed potato virus disease is small. Fourth, it is beneficial to plant enough seeds. Fifth, the emergence period is accurate, and it can emerge in 10-15 days. Second, the whole potato processing method The use of whole potato sowing is the current control of bacterial disease caused by the block, dead seedlings the most effective measures. The whole potato has intact epidermis protection, and it is not easy to absorb gibberellin, so the concentration of the treatment liquid is large and the time is long. Different species, different degrees of dormancy, treatment measures are different: 1 short dormancy, available 2-5 units of gibberellic acid, soaking seeds for 0.5-1 hours, then immediately broadcast live in wet soil, should pay attention to avoid drying of the potatoes And the soil is dry, otherwise it will fail the gibberellin. 2 The long-term dormant species can be soaked for 0.5-1 hours with 10-15 units of gibberellin. After being removed, they are accumulated in a cool, ventilated and sheltered place. The top of the potato stack is covered with 6-7 cm thick moist fine soil and covered with grass. The curtains or mats shall be protected and the large buds shall be sowed and then sown by greening exercises. The whole potato sprouts are slower and more irregular than the diced ones. Generally, they are completed in three batches and take about 20 days. The key point of safe sowing of autumn potatoes and ensuring seedlings early seedlings is to ensure that the soil has the cool, moist, and breathable conditions required for germination and rooting. The specific approach is: to master shallow ditch planting, thick soil to form a large ridge, in order to facilitate the preservation of temperature, cooling, ventilation. After sowing, they are continuously watered until they emerge. After the rain, they should immediately loosen the furrows so that the ridges can be breathable. China Agricultural Network Editor
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